介绍了以强激光驱动电容线圈靶的实验方法产生磁场的基本模型及其发展过程。对比了实验室中常用的三种磁场诊断方法，包含：B-dot、法拉第旋转以及质子背光，发现前两种方法在实验中仅可以获得距离靶较远处的有限个磁场值，通过结合模拟工具获得靶处的磁场值与测量点的值跨越几个数量级，容易产生误差；质子背光诊断可以在实验中获得全局磁场信息，能够较好地满足线圈靶磁场诊断的需求。由于线圈靶磁场强且可持续时间长，在时空分布上具有一定可控性，因此我们将其应用到了磁重联的研究中，并成功获得了重联出流等特征。另外线圈靶在带电粒子的约束和磁流体动力学研究等多方面也得到了应用。

极端超短超强激光脉冲的诞生将光与物质的相互作用推进到由辐射阻尼效应和量子电动力学（QED）效应占主导的高度非线性物理范畴。强场QED效应蕴含了丰富的物理过程包括辐射阻尼、高能伽马辐射、正负电子对产生、QED级联、真空极化等，是高能量密度物理和强场物理研究领域的前沿热点。QED级联是解释致密天体辐射和伽马射线暴形成的重要物理机制，其产生的稠密正电子源在高能物理、材料无损探测、癌症诊断等领域亦有重要的应用前景。介绍了QED级联过程及其理论模型，讨论了固体靶中的QED级联发展及其诱导的非线性物理效应，并回顾了固体靶中稠密正电子产生的主要研究成果。

The influence of second-order dispersion (SOD) on stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in the interaction of an ultrashort intense laser with plasma was investigated. More significant backward SRS was observed with the increase of the absolute value of SOD ($\mid \kern-1pt\!{\psi}_2\!\kern-1pt\mid$). The integrated intensity of the scattered light is positively correlated to the driver laser pulse duration. Accompanied by the side SRS, filaments with different angles along the laser propagation direction were observed in the transverse shadowgraph. A model incorporating Landau damping and above-threshold ionization was developed to explain the SOD-dependent angular distribution of the filaments.

采用紧聚焦的超强短脉冲激光与固体通道靶相互作用是获得大电量、高准直相对论电子束的一种有效方式。实验中由于激光预脉冲烧蚀靶壁产生预等离子体会膨胀、填充到真空通道中，从而导致电子束品质发生变化。采用二维PIC粒子模拟程序研究了通道靶中填充预等离子体的电子加速过程。模拟结果显示，在功率密度为5.0 $ \times {10}^{20}\;{\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}}^{2} $的超强短脉冲激光条件下，通道中填充一定密度的等离子体时激光场优先与低密度等离子体相互作用，激光脉冲与通道壁的相互作用减弱，电子加速机制由纵向场主导的真空电子加速转变为横向电场主导的等离子体电子加速，产生电子束具有更大的电荷量，但能量降低，发散角增大。

Thanks to a rapid progress of high-power lasers since the birth of laser by T. H. Maiman in 1960, intense lasers have been developed mainly for studying the scientific feasibility of laser fusion. Inertial confinement fusion with an intense laser has attracted attention as a new future energy source after two oil crises in the 1970s and 1980s. From the beginning, the most challenging physics is known to be the hydrodynamic instability to realize the spherical implosion to achieve more than 1000 times the solid density. Many studies have been performed theoretically and experimentally on the hydrodynamic instability and resultant turbulent mixing of compressible fluids. During such activities in the laboratory, the explosion of supernova SN1987A was observed in the sky on 23 February 1987. The X-ray satellites have revealed that the hydrodynamic instability is a key issue to understand the physics of supernova explosion. After collaboration between laser plasma researchers and astrophysicists, the laboratory astrophysics with intense lasers was proposed and promoted around the end of the 1990s. The original subject was mainly related to hydrodynamic instabilities. However, after two decades of laboratory astrophysics research, we can now find a diversity of research topics. It has been demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that a variety of nonlinear physics of collisionless plasmas can be studied in laser ablation plasmas in the last decade. In the present paper, we shed light on the recent 10 topics studied intensively in laboratory experiments. A brief review is given by citing recent papers. Then, modeling cosmic-ray acceleration with lasers is reviewed in a following session as a special topic to be the future main topic in laboratory astrophysics research.