为了区分不同物理特性的非球形灰霾粒子，基于T矩阵理论和蒙特卡洛方法，建立了“日盲”紫外光后向散射探测灰霾模型，仿真了非球形灰霾条件下的紫外光后向散射过程，并分析了不同宽度的紫外脉冲后向散射回波的峰值功率和半高全宽等特征.研究结果表明，当灰霾浓度在500 μg/m³以内时，紫外脉冲后向散射回波峰值功率随着灰霾浓度的增大而增大，且不同浓度灰霾的脉冲回波峰值功率之间呈线性关系，脉冲回波半高全宽随着灰霾浓度的增大而减小.对于椭球形和圆柱形灰霾粒子，在相同浓度条件下，当粒子的形变量越小时，脉冲回波的峰值功率和半高全宽越大；对于切比雪夫形灰霾粒子，在相同浓度条件下，当形变参数和波纹参数越大时，脉冲回波的峰值功率和半高全宽越大.本文研究结果可为紫外光探测灰霾浓度以及区分非球形灰霾粒子提供依据.

In order to distinguish the non-spherical haze particles with different physical characteristics, the haze detection model of "solar-blind" ultraviolet backscatter is established to simulate the process of UV backscatter under the condition of non-spherical haze, based on T-matrix theory and Monte Carlo method. The peak power and the full width at half maximum of UV pulse with different widths are analyzed. The simulation results show that when the haze concentration is less than 500 μg/m³, the peak power of backscatter echo of UV pulse increases with the increase of haze concentration, and there is a linear relationship between the peak power of pulse echo of different concentrations of haze, and the full width at half maximum of pulse echo decrease with the increase of haze concentration. For ellipsoidal and cylindrical haze particles, under the same concentration, the smaller the shape variable of particles is, the larger the peak power and the full width at half maximum of pulse echo are. For chebyshev haze particles, under the same concentration, the larger the deformation parameters and ripple parameters are, the larger the peak power and the full width at half maximum of pulse echo are. The results of this study can provide a basis for the detection of haze concentration and the discrimination of non-spherical haze particles by ultraviolet light.