针对激光熔覆制备化妆棉模切刀具基体半径优选问题, 采用单因素试验方法, 研究圆柱基体半径对“曲面基体曲线轨迹”熔覆层形貌及内部质量的影响规律。结果表明：适当减小圆柱基体半径有利于改善熔覆层成形形貌, 改善表面粗糙程度；熔覆效率随圆柱基体半径增大呈减小趋势；熔覆层气孔率随圆柱基体半径增大而呈增大趋势；圆柱基体半径越大, 晶粒越细小, 分布越均匀, 相应的硬度越高, 熔覆层最高硬度可达基体的3.79倍；圆柱基体半径为40 mm时, 截面形貌、熔覆效率、气孔率及组织性能最佳。研究结果为化妆棉模切刀具等“曲面基体曲线轨迹”激光熔覆成形质量的研究提供了理论依据。

For the optimization of the substrate radius of cosmetic cotton die-cutting tools produced by laser cladding, a single-factor test method was used to study the influence of the cylindrical substrate radius on the morphology and internal quality of cladding layers of the "curvilinear path trajectory on curved substrate". The results demonstate that the morphology and surface roughness of cladding layers are improved by reducing the radius of the cylindrical substrate appropriately. The cladding efficiency decreases as the radius of the cylindrical substrate increases; while the porosity of cladding layers increases with the increase of the radius, a larger radius of the cylindrical substrate produces smaller, more evenly-distributed grains and a higher hardness of cladding layers. with the highest hardness reaching 3.79 times of that of the substrate; as the radius increases to 40 mm, the cross-sectional morphology, cladding efficiency, porosity and microstructure properties become the best. The research results provide a theoretical basis for studies of the quality of laser cladding of “curvilinear path trajectory on curved substrate” for cosmetic cotton die-cutting tools and the like.