京西生态涵养区日照时数变化特征及影响因素

吴辉; 曹久才; 缪明榕; 李超

doi:doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6141.2022.02.001

大气与环境光学学报, 2022, 17 (2): 195, 网络出版: 2022-07-22

京西生态涵养区日照时数变化特征及影响因素

Characteristics of sunshine duration in ecological conservation area of West Beijing and its influencing factors

论文大纲

吴辉 ^1,*曹久才 ¹缪明榕 ²李超 ¹

作者单位

¹ 北京市门头沟区气象局, 北京 102300

² 江苏省南通市气象局, 江苏南通 226000

摘要

为详细了解京西生态涵养区日照情况, 利用北京市门头沟、斋堂两个国家气象站 1975-2019 年逐日总云量、低云量、降水日数、相对湿度、日照时数等资料, 采用气候倾向率、Mann-Kendall 检验等方法分析了京西生态涵养区日照时数时空变化特征及其与各气象要素之间的相关性。结果表明: 在 1975-2019 年间, 京西生态涵养区年、月、日日照时数均呈西部山区多、东南平原少的特征, 且两站日日照时数呈显著相关性, 约 80% 的差值在-2～2 h 范围。其中月均日照时数峰值出现在 4-5 月, 谷值出现在 11-12月, 6 月、9-10 月减少趋势最明显; 四季日照时数分布较均匀, 但呈春季多、冬季少的特征; 2002-2010 年年日照时数连续低于均值, 东南平原区减少趋势[-51.6 h·(10a)-1] 大于西部山区[-39.5 h·(10a)-1]。年、四季日照时数异常偏少情况主要出现在 2000 年以后, 接近异常偏多年份在 20 世纪 80-90 年代较集中。1982-1990 年日照时数明显增加, 1991 年发生明显减少突变, 1991-2019 年日照时数明显减少。综合分析表明该地区的日照时数与总云量、低云量、日平均湿度、日降水量呈负相关, 与日分钟风速、能见度呈正相关, 该结论对首都京西生态涵养区建设和气候评价具有重要参考价值。

Abstract

To deeply understand the sunshine duration characteristics in the ecological conservation area of West Beijing (ECAWB), China, based on the data of daily total cloud cover, low cloud cover, precipitation days, relative humidity and daily sunshine duration of Mentougou and Zhaitang National Meteorological Stations in Beijing from 1975 to 2019, the spatial and temporal variation of sunshine duration in ECAWB, as well as the correlations with the variousmeteorological elements, are analyzed by using climate tendency rate and Mann-Kendall test methods. The results show that from 1975 to 2019, the annual, monthly, and daily sunshine duration in ECAWB were long in western mountainous area and short in southeastern plains, with significant correlations in the daily sunshine duration between the two meteorological stations (with about 80% of the difference in the range of-2 h to 2 h). The peak of monthly average sunshine duration was observed in April and May, and the valley appeared in November and December, with a most significant decreasing trend observed in June, September and October. The seasonal distribution of sunshine duration was generally uniform, despite more sunshine duration observed in spring and less in winter. In the meantime, the annual sunshine duration during 2002-2010 were consistently below the mean value, with a greater decreasing trend observed in southeastern plains (-51.6 h·(10a)-1) than in western mountainous area(-39.5 h·(10a)-1). Anomalously higher annual and seasonal sunshine duration were mainly observed from 1980s to 1990s, while anomalously lower annual and seasonal sunshine duration mainly occurred after 2000. The sunshine duration increased significantly during 1982-1990, and then decreased considerably from 1991 to 2019. The comprehensive analysis shows that the sunshine duration in this area were negatively correlated with total cloud cover, low cloud cover, daily average humidity, and daily precipitation, while significantly positively correlated with daily wind speed as well as visibility. These findings could be critical reference for the construction and climate evaluation in ECAWB.

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吴辉, 曹久才, 缪明榕, 李超. 京西生态涵养区日照时数变化特征及影响因素[J]. 大气与环境光学学报, 2022, 17(2): 195. WU Hui, CAO Jiucai, MIAO Mingrong, LI Chao. Characteristics of sunshine duration in ecological conservation area of West Beijing and its influencing factors[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics, 2022, 17(2): 195.

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