Femtosecond laser-induced periodic structures: mechanisms, techniques, and applications 
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1 State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
2 Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
3 State Key Laboratory of Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Abstract
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Over the past two decades, femtosecond laser-induced periodic structures (femtosecond-LIPSs) have become ubiquitous in a variety of materials, including metals, semiconductors, dielectrics, and polymers. Femtosecond-LIPSs have become a useful laser processing method, with broad prospects in adjusting material properties such as structural color, data storage, light absorption, and luminescence. This review discusses the formation mechanism of LIPSs, specifically the LIPS formation processes based on the pump-probe imaging method. The pulse shaping of a femtosecond laser in terms of the time/frequency, polarization, and spatial distribution is an efficient method for fabricating high-quality LIPSs. Various LIPS applications are also briefly introduced. The last part of this paper discusses the LIPS formation mechanism, as well as the high-efficiency and high-quality processing of LIPSs using shaped ultrafast lasers and their applications.
Yuchan Zhang, Qilin Jiang, Mingquan Long, Ruozhong Han, Kaiqiang Cao, Shian Zhang, Donghai Feng, Tianqing Jia, Zhenrong Sun, Jianrong Qiu, Hongxing Xu. Femtosecond laser-induced periodic structures: mechanisms, techniques, and applications[J]. Opto-Electronic Science, 2022, 1(6): 220005.
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