液态铅铋合金（LBE）是铅冷快中子反应堆（LFR）和加速器驱动次临界系统(ADS)的主要冷却剂材料。反应堆用结构材料（如铁素体/马氏体钢、奥氏体不锈钢等）在液态LBE环境下存在液态金属腐蚀（LMC）和应力腐蚀的问题，这些问题给钢结构材料的安全服役带来隐患。阐述了钢材铅铋腐蚀类型及机理，归纳了材料设计与处理(元素成分、热处理、加工制造和表面处理)和腐蚀条件（氧质量分数、腐蚀温度和腐蚀时间）对钢材铅铋腐蚀行为的影响机制；澄清了LBE环境下的应力腐蚀与金属脆化机制，总结了内外因素（材料种类、表面缺陷、热处理、氧质量分数、腐蚀温度和拉伸速率）对钢材拉伸性能的影响,并展望了未来铅铋反应堆结构材料的研究方向。建议面向未来的铅铋堆用钢应优化材料设计和处理方式（提高Si、Al等元素的含量、表面镀膜和热处理）同时控制LBE中环境参数（温度、氧质量分数和腐蚀时间）以提高钢材的耐铅铋腐蚀性能。

The lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) is one of the most promising coolants for the lead-cooled fast reactor (LFR) and the accelerator driven sub-critical system (ADS). The liquid metal corrosion (LMC) and stress corrosion in liquid LBE environments are inevitable critical issues for structural materials such as ferritic/martensitic steel, austenitic stainless steel, which are potential safety hazards for the service of structural materials. In this work, the corrosion types and liquid metal embrittlement (LME) mechanism of steel are illustrated, the influences of material design and processing (chemical composition, heat treatment, processing and manufacturing and surface treatment) and corrosion conditions (temperature, mass fraction of oxygen and time) on the corrosion behavior and of steels are summarized. In addition, stress corrosion and LME in liquid LBE is clarified, and the effects of internal and external factors (types, surface defect, heat treatment, mass fraction of oxygen, corrosion temperature and tensile rates) on the mechanical properties of steels are analyzed. In the end, the future research interests of steels in LBE are prospected. The future steel used in liquid LBE is proposed to optimize the material design and treatment (appropriately increasing the content of Si and Al, surface coating and heat treatment) and control the environmental parameters (temperature, mass fraction of oxygen and corrosion time) in LBE to improve its corrosion resistance.