物联网和人工智能等应用的快速发展需要各种类型高灵敏度传感器的支撑,而传感器获取信号的质量和获取效率在很大程度上取决于读出电路中模数转换器(ADC)的性能。文章在简要介绍2种典型全集成传感器的特点和工作原理的基础上,详细讨论用于传感器信号获取的ADC研究进展,主要包括目前被广泛研究和应用的4类ADC(Σ-Δ ADC、逐次逼近型ADC、双积分型ADC以及混合型ADC)的工作原理、优缺点、应用范围和发展动态。

The fast development of internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI) and other related applications relies on various sensors with high sensitivity, while the quality and efficiency of sensor’s signal acquisition depends largely on the performance of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in the sensor’s readout circuit. After introducing the characteristics and working principles of 2 typical types of fully integrated sensors, the advances of research conducted on the ADCs for sensor signal acquisition were discussed in detail in this paper, including the operation theories, advantages and disadvantages, application scope and development dynamics of four ADC categories that were widely investigated and applied: Σ-Δ ADCs, successive approximation ADCs, dual-slope ADCs and hybrid ADCs.