通过红外光谱（IR）和X射线粉晶衍射（XRD）对紫金山金铜矿中火山机构的不同部位、 不同形态明矾石的组成物相、 结构特征进行了研究。 实验结果表明, 该矿中明矾石的红外光谱吸收峰沿北西向成矿带从火山口向外有逐渐减弱的趋势; 明矾石的（006）和（004）晶面发育程度及晶胞参数大小显示从火山口沿北西向成矿带均有逐渐增加的趋势。 结合电子探针分析结果, 进一步得出该矿中明矾石的红外光谱及XRD特征主要与火山机构中不同部位明矾石中钾的含量有关, 火山口附近温度较高, 有利于钠对钾的类质同象替换, 具有较高含量的钠, 钾含量相对较低, 而远离火山口温度较低, 不利于钠对钾的类质同象替换, 钠含量较低, 钾含量相对较高。

The structural characteristics and composition of alunite in the Zijinshan gold-copper deposit were studied by infrared absorption spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The results show that infrared spectral absorption peaks, the growth degree of crystal faces (006) and (004）, and crystal cell parameters of the alunite display gradually decreasing trend from the crater to northwest along the metallogenic belt. Combined with electron probe analysis results, we go further and obtain that the alunite mainly belongs to potassium alunite, and the characteristics of infrared spectra and XRD of the alunite mainly have relation to the content of potassium of the alunite in different parts of volcanic mechanism. Near the crater, with higher temperature, it is helpful for the isomorphism replacement between sodium and potassium, the content of sodium is higher and the content of potassium is lower relatively in the alunite; and away from the crater, the temperature is relatively lower, it is against the isomorphism replacement between sodium and potassium, the content of sodium is lower, and the content of potassium is higher relatively in the alunite.