残余应力广泛存在于材料和构件的加工制造过程中，其对材料和构件的工程性能，特别是疲劳寿命、变形、尺寸稳定性、耐蚀性和脆性断裂有显著的影响。为了给材料和构件的强度分析和加工变形预测提供理论依据，残余应力的测试和评估一直是当前制造业研究的重点，随着新型材料及其加工工艺的发展，对残余应力测试技术也提出了更高的要求。简述现有残余应力测试技术，重点聚焦光纤布拉格光栅在残余应力测试应用的进展，分析了存在的问题，展望了未来发展的趋势。

Residual stresses are typically generated in materials and components during their manufacturing processes, thereby significantly influencing their engineering properties, particularly the fatigue life, deformation mechanism, dimensional stability, corrosion resistance, and brittle fracture. Therefore, the measurement and evaluation of residual stresses have been the focus of current manufacturing research to provide a theoretical basis for the strength analysis and deformation prediction of materials and components. With the development of new materials and their processing technologies, the requirement for residual stress measurement techniques has increased. This paper describes existing residual stress measurement techniques, emphasizing the application of fiber Bragg grating in residual stress measurements. Furthermore, the existing problems are analyzed, and the future development trend is prospected.