染料分析是研究织物颜色老化变色的基础, 同时对于了解我国印染工艺的发展有非常重要的作用. 通过薄层色谱和拉曼光谱方法, 对六个唐代丝绸样品的蓝色染料和故宫建福宫建筑彩画的蓝色物进行了分析, 并对两种方法在文物上的适用性进行了比较. 结果表明这些呈色物质均为靛蓝, 靛蓝不仅作为染料被古人使用, 也被当作颜料用于彩绘壁画, 使用范围非常广范. 两种分析的方法各有利弊, 拉曼光谱是无损分析, 薄层色谱需要样品量少, 但可获得更多的信息.

Dye analysis is important to the understanding of fabric color degradation and technical development of ancient printing and dyeing. In the present study, thin layer chromatography and Raman spectroscopy were used for the analysis of blue dyes from 6 silk fabric of Tang dynasty and decorative painting of Jian Fu Gong, Forbidden City. The applicability of these two methods in the cultural heritages was also studied. The results indicate that all these blue substances are indigo; indigo was not only used as dye in ancient fabrics, but also as pigment in decorative painting of historic building, so it is used widely. Both analytic methods have advantages and disadvantages; Raman spectroscopy is nondestructive analysis; thin layer chromatography needs small amount of sample, but could give more information.