盖髓剂对于保存牙髓和治疗龋病具有重要作用。临床常用的三种盖髓剂的治疗效果存在较大差异, 如何依据病情选择恰当的盖髓剂亟需相关对比研究予以指导。本研究旨在对临床常用的三种盖髓剂: 齿科氧化锌丁香酚水门汀(ZnO)、自固化氢氧化钙(Dycal)和光固化氢氧化钙间接盖髓剂(Calcimol)的形貌、成分以及理化性能进行表征, 并通过体外细菌和细胞培养实验对其抗菌性和生物相容性进行对比评价。实验结果表明, 齿科氧化锌丁香酚的疏水性能较强, 其有效成分ZnO可持续释放Zn离子, 呈现出优异的抗菌性能; Dycal和Calcimol具有相似的结构形貌和成分, 但Dycal相对疏水, 能持续释放Ca离子, 在周围形成碱性微环境, 从而赋予其抗菌性和较好的生物相容性; Calcimol为亲水材料, 便于临床操作, 钙离子释放量少, 抗菌性稍弱, 但生物相容性优异。本研究结果为临床上以龋病程度及牙髓健康状况为依据，选择合适的盖髓剂提供了实验基础。

Pulp capping agents are effective materials which can preserve dental pulp and treat caries in different ways. It is urgently demanded to establish a guidance to select the appropriate pulp capping agents according to the conditions of pulp and cary requirements. In this work, morphology, composition, physical, and chemical properties of three commonly used clinical pulp capping agents, namely dental zinc oxide eugenol cement (ZnO), self-curing calcium hydroxide (Dycal), and light-curing calcium hydroxide (Calcimol), were studied. Their antibacterial, cytocompatibility and blood compatibility were evaluated. The results showed that ZnO was hydrophobic and its effective component, crystallized ZnO, could consistently release zinc ions, giving its alkaline environment to inhibit bacteria. Structure, morphology and components in Dycal were similar to those in Calcimol. However, its surface was more hydrophobic and its release amount of calcium ions was larger than that of Calcimol. It formed an alkaline micro-environment, thereby possessed good antibacterial ability and biocompatibility. Meanwhile, Calcimol was hydrophilic and convenient to operate, and released less metal ions. Due to its safe composition, Calciomol exhibited excellent biocompatibility but slightly weaker antibacterial property. Our results suggested that these comparative results might be a useful clinical guidance for selecting appropriate pulp capping agents according to the degree of caries and the health status of dental pulp to treat the caries.