稀土硅酸盐环境障涂层(EBCs)有望应用于新一代高推重比航空发动机热端部件, 但是服役条件下的熔盐腐蚀成为限制其应用的瓶颈。CMAS组分和稀土硅酸盐的晶体结构等因素对其腐蚀行为产生显著影响。本工作以不同晶型的稀土硅酸盐涂层材料为研究对象, 采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备X1-Gd₂SiO₅、X2-RE₂SiO₅(RE=Y, Er)涂层, 并研究其在富Al₂O₃的CMAS熔盐环境(1400 ℃)的腐蚀行为与机制。结果表明, X2-RE₂SiO₅(RE=Y, Er)涂层耐蚀性能优于X1-Gd₂SiO₅涂层, 这与涂层材料的物相组成和晶体结构的稳定性等因素有关。经CMAS腐蚀25 h后, X1-Gd₂SiO₅涂层表面仅生成磷灰石相; X2-RE₂SiO₅涂层不仅生成磷灰石相, 涂层中的RE₂O₃还与CMAS中的Al₂O₃反应生成石榴石相。生成石榴石相可提高涂层表面CMAS中CaO、SiO₂的相对含量, 促进磷灰石致密层的生成, 从而改善其耐蚀性能。

Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) are expected to be applied to the hot-section components of a new generation of high thrust-to-weight ratio aero-engines. Rare-earth silicates have been acknowledged as promising alternatives to EBC materials due to their superior high-temperature phase stability, suitable coefficient of thermal expansion, and long durability in water vapor. However, the calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicates (CMAS) molten salt corrosion under service conditions has become a bottleneck that limits the application of rare-earth silicates in EBCs. Factors such as the composition of CMAS and the crystal structures of rare-earth silicates have a significant impact on their corrosion behavior. In this paper, X1-Gd₂SiO₅ and X2-RE₂SiO₅ (RE=Y, Er) coatings with different crystal structures, were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) technique. Their corrosion behaviors and mechanisms of the three kinds of coatings under CMAS melt environment at 1400 ℃ were explored. Results showed that the corrosion resistance of X2-RE₂SiO₅ coatings were better than that of X1-Gd₂SiO₅ coating due to their phase compositions and stability of crystal structure. After corrosion by CMAS, X1-Gd₂SiO₅ coating dissolved in CMAS melt and formed apatite phase, while the X2-RE₂SiO₅ coatings not only formed apatite phase, but also formed garnet phase from reaction of the RE₂O₃ in the coatings with Al₂O₃ in CMAS. Formation of generate garnet phase could increase relative content of CaO and SiO₂ in CMAS, and promote formation of dense apatite layer, thereby improving corrosion resistance. This study provides a strategy for designing EBC systems with excellent CMAS corrosion resistance.