本试验以酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)为材料, 研究玫瑰花提取物(RE)对砷胁迫下酵母细胞生长和凋亡的影响。试验以抗坏血酸(Vc)溶液为标准抗氧化对照物, 1.0 mmol/L亚砷酸钠(As)为酵母胁迫浓度, 分别设置了酵母对照组、酵母+RE(1.5 g/L)培养组、酵母+Vc(0.1 g/L)培养组、酵母+As(1.0 mmol/L)培养组、酵母+As+RE培养组和酵母+As+Vc培养组。酵母细胞培养24 h后, 利用噻唑兰(MTT)细胞增殖法、平板点样法、荧光素二乙酸/碘化丙锭(FDA/PI)染色法、4', 6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)细胞核染色法和Annexin V-FITC/PI细胞凋亡流式检测法测定了酵母细胞的生长增殖与凋亡。试验结果显示, RE有效地缓解了砷对酵母细胞的损伤, 极显著提高了砷胁迫下酵母细胞的生长率和存活率(P<0.01), 极显著抑制了砷胁迫下酵母细胞的凋亡(P<0.01)。结果证实, RE对砷胁迫酵母细胞的凋亡有显著抑制作用, 在50%的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)清除率下, 其对砷胁迫下酵母细胞的凋亡抑制率显著高于Vc(P<0.05)。因此, RE作为天然植物提取物, 因其绿色、无毒的作用机制, 将在对抗重金属污染、提高机体抗氧化力、缓解氧化损伤等方面有着更广阔的应用前景。

In this study, we studied the effects of rose extract (RE) on the growth and apoptosis of yeast cells under arsenic stress. Ascorbic acid solution (Vc) was used as the standard antioxidant and 1.0 mmol/L for sodium arsenite solution (As) is the yeast stress concentration. The experiment was divided into control group, 1.5 g/L RE group, 0.1 g/L Vc group, 1.0 mmol/L As group, 1.0 mmol/L As+1.5 g/L RE group and 1.0 mmol/L As+0.1 g/L Vc group. We detected the growth, proliferation and apoptosis of yeast cells by MTT assay, plate method, FDA/PI staining, DAPI staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis flow cytometry after yeast cells were cultured for 24 h. The experimental results showed that rose extract effectively relieved the damage of arsenic to yeast cells, and significantly improved the growth rate and survival rate of yeast cells (P<0.01), significantly inhibited the apoptosis of yeast cells (P<0.01). The results confirmed that rose extract had a significant inhibitory effect on the apoptosis of arsenic stressed yeast cells. At 50% DPPH clearance rate, the inhibitory effect of rose extract on the apoptosis of yeast cells under arsenic stress was significantly higher than that of Vc (P<0.05). Therefore, RE as a natural plant extract, due to its green and non-toxic mechanism of action, will have a broader application prospect in combating heavy metal pollution, improving the body’s antioxidant capacity and alleviating oxidative damage.