铁路已成为我国交通运输的大动脉，地理条件的多样性使得铁路隧道分布较多。针对铁路隧道的结构安全监测方式诸多，然而传统的监测方式均存在一定的局限性。基于当前研究热点——光学传感，将精度优良、经济可行性较高的光学视频位移计和光纤布拉格光栅传感技术有机结合，应用于运营期铁路隧道的安全监测。通过分析静态、通车等情况下的监测数据，结合仿真模型，初步探讨光学传感应用于运营期铁路隧道监测的可行性，旨在为相关工程技术研究提供参考和借鉴。

Railways have become the main transportation artery in our country, and many railway tunnels are distributed because of the diversity of geographical conditions. There are many structural safety monitoring methods for railway tunnels. However, traditional monitoring methods have certain limitations. Based on the current research which focuses on optical sensing, the optical video replacement technology with excellent accuracy and high economic feasibility is organically combined with fiber grating sensing technology, and the optical sensing is applied to the safety monitoring of railway tunnels during operation. Through the analysis of monitoring data in static and traffic conditions, combined with the simulation model, the application of optical sensing in railway tunnel monitoring during operation is preliminarily discussed to provide a reference for related engineering technologies.