1-3型压电单晶复合材料结合弛豫铁电单晶与复合材料的优势, 具有压电常数高、机电耦合系数极大、声阻抗低等特点, 是理想的高频发射换能器压电元件。基于1-3型压电单晶复合材料设计并研制了高频宽带发射换能器, 根据理论计算分析了压电单晶复合材料的性能特点, 利用有限元建模仿真优化了换能器结构, 研制的1-3型压电单晶复合材料发射换能器在250~410 kHz范围内发送电压起伏不超过3 dB, 工作带宽达到160 kHz, 最大发送电压响应达178.4 dB, 性能大大优于同尺寸结构的1-3型压电陶瓷复合材料高频换能器。运用1-3型压电单晶复合材料制作高频发射换能器可有效拓宽工作频带, 提高水下声发射能力。

1-3 piezoelectric single crystal composites with relaxor ferroelectric single crystals and composites as ideal piezoelectric elements in high-frequency transmitting transducers possess the superior characteristics including high piezoelectric constants, ultrahigh electromechanical coupling factors, and low acoustic impedance. A high-frequency wideband transmitting transducer based on 1-3 piezoelectric single crystal composite was designed and manufactured. The properties of piezoelectric single crystal composites were analyzed theoretically, and the transducer structure was optimized via simulation by finite element method. The 1-3 piezoelectric single crystal composite transducer produced has a bandwidth of 160 kHz, while the ripple of the transmitting voltage response does not exceed 3 dB in the frequency range from 250 kHz to 410 kHz. The maximum transmitting voltage response is 178.4 dB. The underwater transmitting performances of the single crystal composite transducer are superior to those of the ceramic composite transducer with the same structure and size. Fabricating high-frequency transmitting transducers using 1-3 piezoelectric single crystal composites can broaden the operating bandwith effectively, and improve the ability of acoustic emission underwater.