表面增强红外吸收光谱技术能够将红外光波高度局域在探测分子周围，极大增强光波与分子的相互作用，为实现微弱分子红外振动光谱信号的高灵敏探测提供了新思路。其中，二维材料极化激元由于具有高度局域化光场和低固有损耗等独特性质，为表面增强红外光谱提供了一种有效的方案。本文综述了二维材料极化激元增强红外光谱技术的研究进展：首先从不同材料体系出发介绍极化激元基本特性，论述极化激元与分子模式耦合机理；在此基础上总结二维材料极化激元增强红外光谱技术的几个重要研究方向，主要包括等离激元增强红外光谱技术、声子极化激元增强红外光谱技术和近场红外光谱增强技术；最后展望极化激元增强红外光谱技术未来可能的发展方向。

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy technology substantially boosts the interaction between light and molecules by confining the infrared light around the detection molecules, enabling susceptible detection of weak molecular vibration signals. Recent advancements in polariton in two-dimensional materials offer an effective strategy for enhancing surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy because of their unique properties, such as highly confined electric field and low intrinsic loss. This study reviews the ongoing research progress of infrared spectroscopy technology enhanced by polaritons in two-dimensional materials. We begin by outlining the fundamental characteristics of polaritons in various materials and discussing the coupling mechanisms between polaritons and molecular modes. Building on this, we summarize the key research interests in polariton-enhanced infrared spectroscopy technology, including plasmon-enhanced, phonon polariton-enhanced, and near-field enhancement infrared spectroscopy technology. In conclusion, we provide a prospective outlook on the future development directions of polariton-enhanced infrared spectroscopy technology.