氨气污染是空气污染的重要因素之一, 且氨气容易诱发急性水肿和呼吸衰竭等疾病, 严重危害人体健康。开发高性能氨气传感器已经成为氨气实时监测和安全预警的重要手段。本工作采用水热法制备了纳米花状、纳米球状和纳米片状三种不同形貌的二硫化钼, 以此构建了三种MoS₂氨气传感器, 并利用自主搭建的气敏检测平台进行气敏性能研究。气敏实验结果表明: 在三种不同形貌的MoS₂氨气传感器中, 纳米花状MoS₂传感器对于氨气具有更好的响应性能, 对于10×10^-6 NH₃的响应值为7.41%, 而相同氨气浓度条件下的纳米片状和纳米球状MoS₂传感器的响应值分别为2.01%和5.11%。此外, 纳米花状MoS₂传感器还表现出优异的可重复性、稳定性和选择性。纳米花状MoS₂传感器具有优越的响应性能, 主要因为其具有较大的比表面积, 可为NH₃的吸附提供更多的活性位点。本研究为采用MoS₂作为基底材料制备高性能的NH₃传感器提供了新思路。

Ammonia leak is one of the key factors for air pollution, which may cause acute edema, respiratory failure and other diseases harmful to human health. Nowadays, the development of high-performance ammonia sensors has become one of the important means of real-time monitoring and safety warning of ammonia. In this work, three types of molybdenum disulfide with different morphologies of nanoflower, nanosphere and nanosheet were prepared by the hydrothermal method, and three types of MoS₂ ammonia sensors were constructed. The results of gas-sensing experiments showed that among these MoS₂ ammonia sensors with different morphologies, the NH₃ gas sensor made of nanoflowers MoS₂ performed the best performance with a high response value of 7.41% to 10×10^-6 NH₃, while those of the nanosheets MoS₂ and nanospheres MoS₂ sensors under the same NH₃ concentration were 2.01% and 5.11%, respectively. In addition, the nanoflowers MoS₂ sensor also exhibited excellent repeatability, stability and selectivity. The reason for the superior response performance of the nanoflower MoS₂ ammonia sensor is mainly due to the larger surface area, which could provide more active sites for the adsorption of ammonia. This study demonstrates an effective way to prepare high-performance NH₃ sensors with using MoS₂ as the substrate material.