无纺布结构柔性硅基负极原位制备及电化学性能

针对硅材料嵌脱锂过程中体积膨胀容易导致负极材料粉化和与集流体脱落而使电池容量快速衰减、导电性差等问题，以自制的纳米硅为主要材料，采用静电纺丝的方法原位制备了具有无纺布结构的柔性硅基负极，对其物性与结构形貌和电化学性能进行了系统研究。结果表明：所制备的无纺布结构的硅基负极具有非常好的柔性，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮裂解后的碳主要以无定形碳的形式存在，Si/C复合的硅基负极纤维膜具有高的比表面积并存在大量介孔结构。在0.1 A/g充放电电流密度下，首圈放电容量可以达到2 086.7 mA·h/g，初始Coulombic效率高达81.1%，放电容量经过100圈循环后仍能维持在500 mA·h/g以上。

Abstract

Silicon anode materials pulverization and deciduation from the collector can lead to the battery capacity fast attenuation and low conductivity due to the volume expansion of silicon during the lithiation/delithiation process. We prepared a kind of non-woven flexible silicon-based anode by an in-situ electrospinning method with nanosilicon self-controlled, and investigated the morphology, structure and electrochemical performance. The results show that the prepared non-woven silicon-based anode has a superior flexibility, and carbon after polyvinyl pyrrolidone cracking mainly exists in the form of amorphous carbon. The Si/C composite silicon-based anode fiber film has a high specific surface area and a structure with massive mesopores, and the first-cycle discharge capacity can reach 2 086.7 mA·h/g at a charge-discharge current density of 0.1 A/g, the initial Coulomb efficiency is 81.1%, and the discharge capacity can still maintain > 500 mA·h/g after 100 cycles.

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张佃平, 苏少鹏, 张猛, 李进. 无纺布结构柔性硅基负极原位制备及电化学性能[J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2022, 50(8): 2110. ZHANG Dianping, SU Shaopeng, ZHANG Meng, LI Jin. In-situ Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Non-woven Flexible Silicon Anode[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2022, 50(8): 2110.

无纺布结构柔性硅基负极原位制备及电化学性能

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