红外光谱是了解生物炭结构性质特征的重要手段。 通过采用傅里叶红外光谱技术(FTIR)对不同物料和制备方式的生物炭结构性质特征进行表征。 结果表明: 不同的物料制备的生物炭均具有羟基、 芳香基及一些含氧基团的吸收峰, 与活性碳有共同特征; 但其他吸收峰, 有着显著差异。 高温炭化可以使玉米秸秆中—OH, —CH3, —CH2—, CO间发生缔合或消除, 促进了芳香基团的形成。 在不同炭化方式下, 加热和微波炭化, 对生物炭形成有着机理上差别, 加热炭化可致使醇、 酚中的—OH彼此结合或者消除, 形成苯环类基团, 而微波法能使得芳香基团钝化阻止其参与反应, 使得苯环类物质得以更多形成。 综上表明, 红外光谱可较好反映生物炭的结构特征, 揭示了生物炭主要含有—OH、 芳香基团等活性基团。

Infrared spectroscopy (IR) is an important means of seeing the characteristics of the structural properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR ) was applied to analyze the structural properties of biochar from different materials with different methods. The results showed that: the biochars have IR absorption peaks of hydroxyls group, aromatic group and containing organic group with the activated?charcoal, but in other absorption peaks, with a significant difference. The high temperature can make —OH, —CH3, —CH2—, CO to be associated or loss, and promotes the formation of aromatic groups during Carbonization of corn straw. At the different carbonization mode, the heating and microwave carbonization, has a carbonize mechanism of biochar, heating method may make —OH in alcohol and phenol to combinative with each other or loss, and to form benzene ring group and an aromatic group, Aromatic group in microwave method was so preventing to participate in the hot reaction, to form the more benzene substances. These results show that the Infrared spectrum can well analysis the structural characteristics of biochar, and showed that it comprises —OH, the aromatic group and other active groups.