针对静止状态下飞机蒙皮表面残冰检测问题，提出一种超声导波检测技术，通过提取时域和频域的特征参数变化，实现板状结构表面的透明冰、混合冰、霜冰3种类型区分和积冰厚度判断。首先通过ABAQUS仿真软件采集超声Lamb波S0模态信号，在时域内观察随厚度和类型变化引起的S0模态幅值衰减程度，同时在频域内引入积冰系数，最终实现了关于厚度和类型的非线性映射。其次，对使用Lamb波分辨3种不同类型积冰的厚度进行了实验验证，对比仿真结果表明该方法存在一定可行性。最后，总结了判断积冰种类和厚度的方法。

Detection of ice on the skin surface of aircraft in the stationary state is a challenging task. In this study, an ultrasonic guide detection technique is proposed to distinguish among three ice types (glaze ice, mixed ice, and rime ice on plate-like structure surfaces) and determine the ice thickness by extracting the characteristic parameters of the time and frequency domains. First, the S0 mode signal of the ultrasonic Lamb wave is acquired using ABAQUS simulation software. The degree of S0 mode amplitude attenuation influenced by the ice thickness and type is observed in the time domain. In the frequency domain, the ice coefficient is introduced to realize nonlinear mapping on the ice thickness and type. Subsequently, experimental verification is performed on the three ice thickness types with Lamb waves. A comparison with the simulation results indicates that the method is feasible. Finally, a method of analyzing the type and thickness of ice is described.