有机电致发光材料和器件（OLED）经过三十余年的发展已经基本完成了从基础科学研究到产业化商品的蜕变过程，而由于蓝紫发光材料的分子禁带（>3.0 eV）与器件运行中载流子注入/传输平衡之间的固有矛盾，加之人眼在蓝光区域的敏感度降低等问题，蓝光器件的整体性能远远落后于其他光色。因此，综合性能优异的紫外/深蓝光材料和相关分子设计理论已成为实现OLED独领“新一代显示照明技术”的关键突破点。本文主要介绍了近十年来紫外/深蓝OLED发光材料（λ_EL<430 nm）的研究进展，并从材料结构与机制等方面进行了归纳，旨在推动更多宽禁带发光材料的设计和相关理论的完善和发展。

After more than 30 years of development, organic electroluminescent materials and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have almost completed the transformation process from basic scientific research to commercialization products. However, due to the inherent contradiction between the wide band-gap (exceed 3.0 eV) of ultraviolet and deep-blue luminescent materials and the carrier-injection ability and transport balance during device operation, with the decreasing sensitivity of human eyes in blue light area, the overall performance of ultraviolet and deep-blue light-emitting devices lag far behind other colors light-emitting devices. Therefore, the ultraviolet and deep-blue materials with excellent comprehensive performance and related molecular design theories have become the key breakthrough points for OLED to take the only place to lead the “New generation of display and lighting technology”. In this review, the ultraviolet and deep-blue luminescent materials (λ_EL below 430 nm) which were applied for organic light-emitting diodes in recent ten years are introduced briefly and summarized from the points of material structure and luminescence mechanism, hoping to promote the development of more and more excellent electroluminescent materials with wide band-gap and the improvement of the relevant theories.