The self-mixing interferometry (SMI) technique is an emerging sensing technology in microscale particle classification. However, due to the nature of the SMI effect raised by a microscattering particle, the signal analysis suffers from many problems compared with a macro target, such as lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), short transit time, and time-varying modulation strength. Therefore, the particle sizing measurement resolution is much lower than the one in typical displacement measurements. To solve these problems, in this paper, first, a theoretical model of the phase variation of a single-particle SMI signal burst is demonstrated in detail. The relationship between the phase variation and the particle size is investigated, which predicts that phase observation could be another alternative for particle detection. Second, combined with continuous wavelet transform and Hilbert transform, a novel phase-unwrapping algorithm is proposed. This algorithm can implement not only efficient individual burst extraction from the noisy raw signal, but also precise phase calculation for particle sizing. The measurement shows good accuracy over a range from 100 nm to 6 μm with our algorithm, proving that our algorithm enables a simple and reliable quantitative particle characteristics retrieval and analysis methodology for microscale particle detection in biomedical or laser manufacturing fields.

采用全反射X射线荧光光谱（total reflection X-ray fluorescence，TXRF）和X射线光电子能谱（X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy，XPS）检测方法研究InAs衬底化学机械抛光后经过不同湿法化学溶液联合作用后衬底表面的金属杂质残留浓度和氧化物组分的变化。湿法化学清洗后的InAs表面检测到金属杂质Si，K和Ca，它们的浓度随溶液组合的变化而变化。金属杂质残留浓度较高的InAs衬底表面同时也测得较多粒径为80 nm的颗粒。提出了一种行之有效的InAs衬底湿化学清洗方法，可制备出金属杂质残留少、颗粒少、氧化层薄InAs衬底表面，此表面有利于MOCVD方法生长高质量InAs/GaSb超晶格红外探测器外延。

利用激光烧蚀等离子体射流可以获得数km/s 甚至上千km/s 的射流速度，远超目前绝大多数设备所能提供的模拟速度，并且覆盖了极大的温度与密度范围，作为加载手段具有广阔的应用前景。通过实验方法，探索和发展激光烧蚀等离子体射流这一新型实验模拟手段，利用高功率激光烧蚀产生高温高压等离子体射流，实现超高速气体动力学实验室模拟的新途径。以此作为加载条件，研究超高速物体与气体相互作用的气体动力学特性。通过建立激光烧蚀等离子体射流与固体靶相互作用实验方法，可进一步研究等离子体射流的产生、发展以及高速物体气体动力学，为下一步开展天体物理、小行星形貌、超高速陨石与行星大气相互作用机制等相关研究奠定基础。

We take H++CO as a prototype to analyze the effect of ion or proton collision on molecular orientation modulated by a two-color shaped pulse combined with the time-delayed terahertz (THz) pulse. Through examining the effect of ion collision on the molecular orientation, we found that when the impact parameter and collisional velocity have weak inverse influences on the maximal orientation degree, the appropriate two-color and THz field intensity employed can improve the molecular orientation degree. The carrier envelope phase and frequency of the THz laser pulse as well as the temperature also have certain influence on the collision-induced molecular orientation.

某透射式低温光学红外相机工作于倾斜地球同步轨道，所处空间热环境复杂多变，整个光学路径部组件属于低温光学系统，对温度梯度及温度稳定性要求较高，这对热控系统设计带来挑战。结合相机在轨成像温度需求及空间外热流特点，详细分析了相机热控设计的重点和难点，通过低温热管热量传输和辐射制冷的方式实现了低温光学系统的降温，通过高效热防护、热隔离及间接辐射控温技术实现了低温光学系统的高精度控温。热平衡试验温度数据表明：成像模式下，各光学部组件温度均满足指标要求，光学透镜温度均匀性和稳定性较高，光学透镜间最大温差小于1 K，最大温度波动小于±0.3 K，实现复杂内外热环境下光学透镜高精度控温；加热去污模式下，利用低温热管“热开关”的特点在常温下热阻增加，通过较小热控功耗实现光学透镜加热去污的需求。

为满足超轻量化光学系统近衍射极限的性能要求，利用先进的CAE仿真与现代高性能SiC制作工艺，研究Φ500 mm SiC反射镜的超轻量化反射镜结构。首先，通过对比现有反射镜常用材料和制作工艺，选取反射镜材料。针对圆形对称反射镜结构特性，采用全等刚度设计，结合集成优化方法，设计反射镜结构形式。同时，采用背部支撑结构，完成反射镜组件结构设计。仿真结果表明：主镜质量小于5 kg，面密度小于20 kg/m²。3个方向自重变形下及4 ℃温升工况下的面形误差（RMS值）均优于λ/50；主镜组件的一阶谐振频率不小于120 Hz，动态响应分析表明最薄弱处应力小于100 MPa。满足反射镜设计要求，轻量化效果显著，结构稳定可靠。