数值计算是**效应与毁伤评估研究的重要途径，其作用集中体现在指导试验设计、优化方案，拓展试验结果及作为理论与试验研究的补充手段三方面。由国外**效应数值计算软件的基本特点与国内效应计算软件的发展现状可知，国外商业软件的突出优势是研发力量强、操作方便、计算精度与结果可靠性高，前、后处理软件丰富，且计算并行化。从总体上看目前我国数值计算仍受制于人，在基础数据、求解规模、计算能力、二次开发四方面发展相对滞后; 基于开源数值计算软件包进行二次开发是迅速缩小与国外成熟软件差距的有效途径。

材料早期性能退化阶段的损伤形式以微裂纹为主，微裂纹与超声的非线性作用能够表征材料的损伤情况。根据经典微裂纹非线性弹簧模型，从理论上分析裂纹参数对非线性系数的影响，建立不同裂纹参数的铝合金板三维模型，使用高频Lamb波进行数值仿真，研究长度、宽度和角度与非线性系数的关系，结果表明非线性系数随裂纹长度增加而增加，随裂纹宽度变宽而减小。在Lamb波传播方向与垂直方向布置三个接收探头，三个接收探头的非线性系数随角度增加而变化，因此通过三点的非线性系数值可以判断裂纹的角度。这一研究工作对后续使用高频Lamb波定量检测微裂纹角度具有重要意义。

为克服红外热像法的不足,提出一种基于表面红外偏振热像特征的金属疲劳损伤评估方法。首先给出金属疲劳损伤评估偏振热成像的理论基础,然后通过实验说明疲劳损伤过程表面微观形貌的变化规律,再基于Tsalis熵进行目标图像分割并分析其特征,最后通过主成分分析进行特征选择并构建基于BP(back propagation)神经网络的非线性预测模型。结果表明,模型训练、验证、测试结果与实际实验测量值具有较好的相关性,Q235平板试件的拉-拉疲劳损伤预测平均误差小于20%。

为了准确、可靠地测量到静爆试验中任意水平方向上的破片飞行速度, 提出了一种基于主动光幕阵列的静爆破片飞行速度测量方法。首先, 以被测弹药静爆点为中心的平面上环形布放12组主动式六光幕阵列, 当破片穿过其中任意一组光幕阵列的探测幕面时可测量到其飞行参数(如速度、入射角及立靶密集度等); 其次, 根据所提出的光幕阵列布局配置, 建立了其破片飞行参数测量模型, 分析了破片速度分量误差在一定范围随各速度分量变化规律。通过理论分析及实弹实验可知: 在规定测试条件下破片速度分量误差不超过2.7 m/s, 可以满足任意水平方向上的破片速度测量需要。

针对子母弹打击航空母舰的毁伤进行了评估研究。通过分析舰载机保障系统组成结构和主要设施的易损性，运用模糊层次分析法建立了毁伤评估模型，分别通过三角模糊数互补判断矩阵、互反判断矩阵确定了主设施、子设施权重和主设施综合毁伤值。基于主设施权重和综合毁伤值评估了系统的毁伤程度。根据某子母弹的打击效果进行了算例分析，结果表明了算法的有效性，并反映了航母毁伤评估以系统作战效能变化为依据的特点。

Different types of fiber-optic sensors based on glass or polymeric fibers are used to evaluate material behavior or to monitor the integrity and long-term stability of load-bearing structure components. Fiber-optic sensors have been established as a new and innovative measurement technology in very different fields, such as material science, civil engineering, light-weight structures, geotechnical areas as well as chemical and high-voltage substations. Very often, mechanical quantities such as deformation, strain or vibration are requested. However, measurement of chemical quantities in materials and structure components, such as pH value in steel reinforced concrete members also provides information about the integrity of concrete structures. A special fiber-optic chemical sensor for monitoring the alkaline state (pH value) of the cementitious matrix in steel-reinforced concrete structures with the purpose of early detection of corrosion-initiating factors is described. The paper presents the use of several fiber-optic sensor technologies in engineering. One example concerns the use of highly resolving concrete-embeddable fiber Fabry-Perot acoustic emission (AE) sensors for the assessment of the bearing behaviour of large concrete piles in existing foundations or during and after its installation. Another example concerns fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors attached to anchor steels (micro piles) to measure the strain distribution in loaded soil anchors. Polymer optical fibers (POF) can be — because of their high elasticity and high ultimate strain - well integrated into textiles to monitor their deformation behaviour. Such “intelligent” textiles are capable of monitoring displacement of soil or slopes, critical mechanical deformation in geotechnical structures (dikes, dams, and embankments) as well as in masonry structures during and after earthquakes.

对描述激光辐照生物组织光热响应的经典生物热传递模型和生物热波模型进行比较,分析两种模型的适用条件及影响因素。结果表明,当激光辐照时间接近或小于生物组织热释放时间时,基于生物热波模型的结果与经典生物热传导模型的结果差异明显,采用后者对热损伤进行评估引起的误差较大。对于生物热波模型,考察点所在深度越浅,非傅里叶导热特征越明显。比较两种生物热传导模型,第一层血液灌注率和吸收系数对辐射原点的瞬态温度分布均有影响,但不改变其热特征。