星载单光子激光雷达以超高灵敏度和超高重频的优势，在海洋探测领域展现了广泛的应用前景。雷达系统中的单光子探测器件具有极高的灵敏度，可以探测光子量级的回波信号，同时也极易受太阳背景光噪声影响。由于背景噪声直接影响激光雷达的工作性能，还会对星上原始的数据量产生影响，在卫星系统设计阶段，对噪声强度的准确估计至关重要。本文综合考虑大气后向散射、水面反射及水体后向散射的贡献，建立了一个星载单光子激光雷达海洋噪声的估计模型。以全球首个对地观测星载激光雷达ATLAS为例，在输入系统参数和环境参数后，模型估计的噪声与ATLAS实测噪声误差在15%以内，证实了该噪声模型的正确性。

针对文本生成图像任务中的文本编码器不能深度挖掘文本信息，导致后续生成的图像存在语义不一致的问题，本文提出了一种改进DMGAN模型的文本生成图像方法。首先使用XLnet的预训练模型对文本进行编码，该模型在大规模语料库的预训练之下能够捕获大量文本的先验知识，实现对上下文信息的深度挖掘；然后在DMGAN模型生成图像的初始阶段和图像细化阶段均加入通道注意力模块，突出重要的特征通道，进一步提升生成图像的语义一致性和空间布局合理性，以及模型的收敛速度和稳定性。实验结果表明，所提出模型在CUB数据集上生成的图像相比原DMGAN模型，IS指标提升了0.47，FID指标降低了2.78，充分说明该模型具有更好的跨模态生成能力。

A new theoretical method to study super-multiperiod superlattices has been developed. The method combines the precision of the 8-band kp-method with the flexibility of the shooting method and the Monte Carlo approach. This method was applied to examine the finest quality samples of super-multiperiod Al_0.3Ga_0.7As/GaAs superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The express photoreflectance spectroscopy method was utilized to validate the proposed theoretical method. For the first time, the accurate theoretical analysis of the energy band diagram of super-multiperiod superlattices with experimental verification has been conducted. The proposed approach highly accurately determines transition peak positions and enables the calculation of the energy band diagram, transition energies, relaxation rates, and gain estimation. It has achieved a remarkably low 5% error compared to the commonly used method, which typically results in a 25% error, and allowed to recover the superlattice parameters. The retrieved intrinsic parameters of the samples aligned with XRD data and growth parameters. The proposed method also accurately predicted the escape of the second energy level for quantum well thicknesses less than 5 nm, as was observed in photoreflectance experiments. The new designs of THz light-emitting devices operating at room temperature were suggested by the developed method.

微小型无人飞行器的屏蔽效能对其抗外部强电磁干扰能力有显著影响。针对微小型飞行器物理空间小、屏蔽效能难以测量的困难，提出一种基于扩比模型的等效获取方法，将原模型等比例扩大n倍得到扩比模型，利用常规屏蔽效能测试方法和测试仪器测量得到扩比模型的屏蔽效能，再根据扩比模型和原模型屏蔽效能的关系得到原模型的屏蔽效能。以巡飞弹和四旋翼无人机两种典型微小型飞行器为例进行了仿真，结果表明原模型在频率f处的屏蔽效能等于扩比模型在频率f₁=f/n处的屏蔽效能，验证了该方法的正确性。在此基础上，总结提出了基于扩比模型的等效测试流程，为微小型飞行器屏蔽效能的测试提供了一种可行的测试方法。