Accurate placement of pedicle screw (PS) is crucial in spinal surgery. Developing new real-time intra-operative monitoring and navigation methods is an important direction of clinical application research. In this paper, we studied the spectrum along the fixation trajectory of PS in frequency domain to tackle the accuracy problem. Fresh porcine vertebrae, bovine vertebrae and ovine vertebrae were measured with the near-infrared spectrum (NIR) device to obtain the reflected spectrum from the vertebrae. Along the fixation trajectory of PS, average energy from different groups was calculated and used for identifying different tissues and compared to achieve the optimal recognition factor. Compared with the time domain approach, the frequency domain method could divide the spectra measured at different tissue points into different groups more stably and accurately, which could serve as a new method to assist the PS insertion. The results gained from this study are significant to the development of hi-tech medical instruments with independent intellectual property rights.

介绍了光锥导光装置的优势，分析了影响光锥导光装置耦合效率的主要因素，得出了影响光锥导光装置耦合效率的理论模型误差曲线。以光锥端面反射损耗及光纤辐射损耗为主要误差源，测试了光锥导光装置的耦合效率及误差对耦合效率的影响；采用分光比标定的方法测量导光装置的耦合效率，消除了由于激光器输出能量变化给试验中脉冲能量测量环节带来的影响；根据试验测量数据，拟合出误差对耦合效率的影响曲线，通过与理论误差曲线进行对比，验证了理论模型的正确性，同时测得该耦合装置的耦合效率为7026%。在激光束的入射角度误差＜5°，且在光纤耐受弯折允许范围内甩动光纤的情况下，总误差对耦合效率的影响＜10%，满足实际工程误差的允许范围。该耦合装置已经应用到实际工程中。

运用光谱技术研究了椎骨组织不同位置的特征识别因子.光谱采集系统由双光纤手钻一体式探头(光纤芯径200 μm，中心距离0.5 mm)、卤素光源(波长360~2 000 nm)、光纤光谱仪(检测波长为200~1 100 nm)和计算机组成，可以同时获得生物组织的漫反射光谱和约化散射系数.以猪椎骨为实验对象，测量椎弓根螺钉植入针道上不同骨组织的漫反射光谱和约化散射系数，并对光谱进行特定波长的峰值、面积、斜率分析，获得特性识别因子.研究发现,椎弓根钉植入针道上不同骨组织的光谱表现出不同的变化特性.其中峰值的变化比约化散射系数的变化高1.88倍，面积的变化比约化散射系数的变化高2.05倍.在495~505 nm处，骨密质和骨疏质的光谱斜率都为正值；在520~535 nm处，骨密质光谱的斜率为正值，而骨疏质光谱的斜率为负值.结果表明，通过光谱特性分析获得的峰值、面积和斜率因子能够有效地区分针道上骨密质与骨疏质的差异.