Overview: Space gravitational wave detection missions typically consist of three identical satellites, with two laser links between the satellites at an angle of sixty degrees forming a Michelson interferometer. The arm length changes are measured using high-precision inter-satellite laser interferometry. As a key component of the inter-satellite laser interferometry system, the telescope system needs to have picometer-level optical path stability, a wavefront error of λ/30, and stray light less than 10^?10 of the transmitted power. To meet the requirements of space gravitational wave detection for the telescope system, an optical and mechanical integrated analysis and optimization method is proposed to design and optimize the primary mirror and its supporting structure. The off-axis parabolic primary mirror adopts the side three-point support method, and the influence of the support point position on the mirror surface shape and the rigid body displacement under gravity conditions has been studied. Optimization of the size of the triangular lightweighting holes on the primary mirror has been performed, and density-based topology optimization has been used to optimize the support backplate while ensuring that the first-order mode of the primary mirror component remains essentially unchanged. The flexural matrix of the primary mirror component supported by a parallel bipod linkage structure was derived based on spinor theory, and an evaluation function for the support structure was established. The size parameter range of flexible support was preliminarily determined by Matlab analysis. A optical-mechanical integrated simulation platform is set up to optimize the parameters of the support structure using a weighted sum method to convert the multi-objective optimization problem into a single-objective optimization problem. The results showed that the first-order frequency of the primary mirror component system was 392.43 Hz. Under gravity and temperature loads, the deformation of the primary mirror surface was better than λ/60, the translational rigid body displacement was better than 2.5 μm, and the rotational rigid body displacement was better than 0.5 μrad, all of which met the design specifications. Under space thermal disturbance of 10 μK/Hz^1/2, the size stability of the primary mirror component, represented by the displacement of the central point of the mirror, was at a level of 10 pm/Hz^1/2.

基于离轴四反的方案设计，从同轴反射系统的理论出发，结合高倍率，低波前畸变，以及高杂散光抑制比等特点对天琴望远镜的原理系统进行了优化设计。实现了在捕获±200 μrad视场内系统百倍的压缩倍率，其入瞳直径300 mm，波前误差优于λ/80。提高三四镜之间光线转折角度进行杂散光抑制，在保证高质量波前的条件下，其三镜的偏角优化结果为5.5°，且三镜为平面镜的引入，降低了后期加工装调的难度。为了对原理系统的加工装调以及杂散光抑制能力进行验证，建立了该系统下0.5倍的缩比系统，实现了缩比系统的波前误差优于λ/175。经公差分析，原理系统有90%的累积概率其波前误差优于λ/40，满足引力波望远镜的指标要求。