The high-power mode-programmable orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam has attracted significant attention in a wide range of applications, such as long-distance optical communication, nonlinear frequency conversion, and beam shaping. Coherent beam combining (CBC) of an optical phased array (OPA) can offer a promising solution for both generating the high-power OAM beam and rapidly switching the OAM modes. However, achieving real-time phase noise locking and formation of desired phase structures in a high-power CBC system faces significant challenges. Here, an internal phase-sensing technique was utilized to generate the high-power OAM beam, which effectively mitigated thermal effects and eliminated the need for large optical devices. An OPA with six elements was employed for experimental demonstration. The first effective generation of over 1.5 kW mode-programmable OAM beam in a continuous-wave domain was presented. Moreover, the results demonstrated that the generated OAM beam could be modulated with multiple dimensions. The topological charge can be switched in real time from -1 to -2. Notably, this OAM beam emitter could function as an OAM beam copier by easily transforming a single OAM beam into an OAM beam array. More importantly, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on power scaling, mode switching speed, and expansion of OAM modes. Additionally, the system’s compact design enabled it to function as a packageable OAM beam emitter. Owing to the advantages of having high power and programmable modes with multiple dimension modulation in phase structures and intensity distribution, this work can pave the way for producing high-power structured light beams and advancing their applications.

基于可见光透明材料氧化铟锡（ITO）、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）以及聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA），采用红外低发射层和雷达吸波层一体化设计的思路，实现了光学透明的红外-雷达兼容隐身复合超表面。该结构由功能层、介质层以及反射背板三部分组成，总厚度仅有1.17 mm。通过在功能层表面蚀刻出ITO图案并优化图案尺寸实现了微波波段15.9~35.1 GHz频带范围内高于90%的宽带吸收。同时利用提高功能层表面ITO占空比的方法降低了红外波段的发射率，结构表面红外发射率控制在0.25左右。该结构厚度较薄，同时具备较好的宽频带雷达吸波性能、低红外发射率以及可见光透明特性。