时间分辨X射线吸收精细结构谱技术需要产生高亮度、均匀、宽光谱的X射线源。单一靶材产生的M带辐射源亮度高，但均匀性较差，因此提出了一种使用多种金属材料制备的多层膜复合靶产生M带辐射的方案。针对Si的K边X射线吸收谱实验，根据前期单一靶材M带光谱实验数据理论计算了最优的材料比例，制备了Au、Yb、Dy三种材料组成的多层膜复合靶，并在神光II激光装置上开展了脉冲激光驱动的多层膜复合靶辐射光谱测量，实验结果和理论计算基本一致。相比单一靶材，多层膜复合靶产生的M带辐射源具有光谱宽、整体亮度均匀的优点，在时间分辨X射线吸收精细结构谱中具有较大的应用潜力。

乙烯是石油化工重要的工业原料，对经济发展有着重要的影响，乙炔半加氢生产乙烯是重要化工反应。传统的钯催化剂具有较高的活性，由于过度加氢和绿油的生成导致选择性和催化剂的催化周期低。因此，制备出一种高活性及选择性的催化剂并借助同步辐射技术探究其反应机理变得至关重要。利用沉积-沉淀法制备了二氧化硅负载的钯铋双金属催化剂，在乙炔半加氢反应中与传统催化剂进行催化活性及选择性方面的对比研究。借助X射线吸收精细结构（X-ray Absorption Fine Structure，XAFS）和高角度环形暗场扫描透射电子显微镜（High-Angle Annular Dark-Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy，HAADF-STEM）等多种表征手段，发现独特的PdBi催化剂可以有效抑制PdH_x的形成，减弱氢气的裂解速度和乙烯在钯表面的吸附，抑制乙烯的过度加氢产生副产物乙烷。新型钯铋结构催化剂及机理探索为今后制备高效的乙炔加氢制乙烯催化剂提供了一种新的思路和手段。

Colloidal CdSe quantum dots (QDs) are promising materials for solar cells because of their simple preparation process and compatibility with flexible substrates. The QD radiative recombination lifetime has attracted enormous attention as it affects the probability of photogenerated charges leaving the QDs and being collected at the battery electrodes. However, the scaling law for the exciton radiative lifetime in CdSe QDs is still a puzzle. This article presents a novel explanation that reconciles this controversy. Our calculations agree with the experimental measurements of all three divergent trends in a broadened energy window. Further, we proved that the exciton radiative lifetime is a consequence of the thermal average of decays for all thermally accessible exciton states. Each of the contradictory size-dependent patterns reflects this trend in a specific size range. As the optical band gap increases, the radiative lifetime decreases in larger QDs, increases in smaller QDs, and is weakly dependent on size in the intermediate energy region. This study addresses the inconsistencies in the scaling law of the exciton lifetime and gives a unified interpretation over a widened framework. Moreover, it provides valuable guidance for carrier separation in the thin film solar cell of CdSe QDs.Colloidal CdSe quantum dots (QDs) are promising materials for solar cells because of their simple preparation process and compatibility with flexible substrates. The QD radiative recombination lifetime has attracted enormous attention as it affects the probability of photogenerated charges leaving the QDs and being collected at the battery electrodes. However, the scaling law for the exciton radiative lifetime in CdSe QDs is still a puzzle. This article presents a novel explanation that reconciles this controversy. Our calculations agree with the experimental measurements of all three divergent trends in a broadened energy window. Further, we proved that the exciton radiative lifetime is a consequence of the thermal average of decays for all thermally accessible exciton states. Each of the contradictory size-dependent patterns reflects this trend in a specific size range. As the optical band gap increases, the radiative lifetime decreases in larger QDs, increases in smaller QDs, and is weakly dependent on size in the intermediate energy region. This study addresses the inconsistencies in the scaling law of the exciton lifetime and gives a unified interpretation over a widened framework. Moreover, it provides valuable guidance for carrier separation in the thin film solar cell of CdSe QDs.