On behalf of all at High Power Laser Science and Engineering we would like to congratulate the team at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) on demonstrating fusion ignition at the National Ignition Facility. This major scientific achievement was realized on the 5 December 2022 at the LLNL and announced at a press briefing on the 13 December 2022 by the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration. This was a historic milestone and the culmination of decades of effort.

针对国内7～8 MA脉冲功率装置驱动条件，通过耦合等效电路模型和McBride等人发展的半解析模型，研究了MagLIF总体能量学过程及中子产额随关键参数的变化规律，获得了中子产额大于10¹⁰的参数设计区间。结果表明：7～8 MA驱动条件、套筒材料、负载高度、燃料半径与密度、预热能量、外加轴向磁场等多因素共同决定了燃料的最终压缩状态；预热能量越大，燃料初始升温以及滞止时刻升温越高，中子产额越高；轴向磁场增加，热传导能量损失减小，但燃料收缩比也会减小，因此存在优化轴向磁场以获得较高中子产额；杂质质量分数超过10%，中子产额开始显著下降。燃料密度0.7 mg/cm³、外加轴向磁场27 T、预热能量200 J、杂质质量分数小于50%的条件下，可以获得3.5×10¹⁰中子产额，从而有望在7～8 MA条件下建立MagLIF关键问题研究平台。

Fusion energy research is delivering impressive new results emerging from different infrastructures and industrial devices evolving rapidly from ideas to proof-of-principle demonstration and aiming at the conceptual design of reactors for the production of electricity. A major milestone has recently been announced in laser fusion by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and is giving new thrust to laser-fusion energy research worldwide. Here we discuss how these circumstances strongly suggest the need for a European intermediate-energy facility dedicated to the physics and technology of laser-fusion ignition, the physics of fusion materials and advanced technologies for high-repetition-rate, high-average-power broadband lasers. We believe that the participation of the broader scientific community and the increased engagement of industry, in partnership with research and academic institutions, make most timely the construction of this infrastructure of extreme scientific attractiveness.

磁化套筒惯性聚变(MagLIF)构型可充分利用现有大型脉冲功率驱动装置，如聚龙一号等。基于磁流体力学方程组和1∶1比例氘氚(DT)混合燃料聚变模型，开发了零维MagLIF数值模拟程序并进行了初步探索研究。计算结果表明初始负载参数(如轴向磁场强度，预加热温度、时刻，负载半径等)与聚变产额之间有着密切的联系，在给定条件下，可依据计算给出的定性关系进行负载优化设计。值得注意的是，根据计算结果，即使在理想条件下，氘氚燃料要实现能量收支平衡，则驱动器的电流必须大于21.2 MA。这意味着聚龙一号装置(10 MA)无法开展集成化的MagLIF实验，进一步的校验计算验证了上述观点，并在此基础上提出铝套筒分解实验的建议和负载设计参数。所取得的计算结果有利于加深对MagLIF套筒压缩阶段物理过程的认知和理解。

基于脉冲功率技术的Z箍缩过程可以实现驱动器电储能到X光辐射的高效率转换，形成极端温度、密度、压力条件，近年来在惯性约束聚变及高能量密度应用中取得了一系列重要进展。综述了国际上辐射间接驱动和磁直接驱动两条Z箍缩聚变技术路线发展现状，简要介绍了我国Z箍缩聚变尤其是7~8 MA脉冲功率装置上的动态黑腔研究进展；分别从辐射与物质相互作用、辐射不透明度、材料动态特性、实验室天体物理等方面，概述了Z箍缩应用于高能量密度物理研究的技术路线和主要成果。希望通过对Z箍缩聚变及高能量密度应用研究的论述和发展趋势分析，推动我国Z箍缩研究领域的进一步发展。

磁化套筒惯性聚变（MagLIF）是一种新的聚变构型，它结合了传统惯性约束聚变和磁约束聚变的优点，理论上可以显著地降低聚变实现的难度，未来必将朝着点火的目标进一步发展，具备极大的应用潜力。针对这一特殊构型，分别从理论、实验和工程三个部分介绍了国际上该领域主要的研究进展，内容覆盖理论研究、数值模拟、实验加载、测量与诊断、负载设计与加工、分解实验、构型改进等多个方面，通过该文能够对该领域的研究现状有相对完善的了解，对未来发展趋势也有一定的认知。

In inertial fusion energy (IFE) research, a number of technological issues have focused on the ability to inexpensively fabricate large quantities of free-standing targets (FSTs) by developing a specialized layering module with repeatable operation. Of central importance for the progress towards plasma generation with intense thermonuclear reactions is the fuel structure, which must be isotropic to ensure that fusion will take place. In this report, the results of modeling the FST layering time, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{\text{Form}}$, are presented for targets which are shells of ${\sim}4~\text{mm}$ in diameter with a wall made from compact and porous polymers. The layer thickness is ${\sim}200~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ for pure solid fuel and ${\sim}250~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ for in-porous solid fuel. Computation shows $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{\text{Form}}<23$ s for $\text{D}_{2}$ fuel and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}_{\text{Form}}<30$ s for D–T fuel. This is an excellent result in terms of minimizing the tritium inventory, producing IFE targets in massive numbers (${\sim}$1 million each day) and obtaining the fuel as isotropic ultrafine layers. It is shown experimentally that such small layering time can be realized by the FST layering method in line-moving, high-gain direct-drive cryogenic targets using $n$-fold-spiral layering channels at $n=2,3$.