以电子玻璃为密封材料的航天电连接器在航空航天领域中得到了广泛应用。本文以电子玻璃密封航天电连接器的气密性为优化目标, 对电连接器的封接工艺进行优化。以电连接器的漏率为响应目标函数, 运用Box-Behnken试验与响应面分析, 对封接工艺条件进行评价。建立二次多项式回归方程模型, 对回归方程进行方差分析与系统性检验, 并对封接温度、保温时间和氮气流量等工艺参数进行优化。结果表明, 最佳封接工艺条件为升温速率10 ℃/min、封接温度944 ℃、保温时间32 min、氮气流量1 408 L/h、降温速率10 ℃/min, 该条件下航天电连接器的平均漏率为4.07×10-10 Pa·m3·s-1, 与回归模型预测值相符。玻璃与金属封接的机理为玻璃与金属的化学键合与物理啮合, 以及玻璃与金属氧化物的良好润湿。

The aerospace electrical connectors with electronic glass as sealing material are widely used in aerospace field. Taking the air tightness of electronic glass sealed aerospace electrical connectors as optimization goal, the sealing process of electrical connectors was optimized. Taking the leakage rate of electrical connectors as response objective function, the Box-Behnken design and response surface analysis were used to evaluate the sealing process conditions. The quadratic polynomial regression equation model was established, and the regression equation was analyzed by variance and systematically test. The process parameters such as sealing temperature, sealing time and nitrogen flow were optimized. The results show that the optimal sealing process conditions are heating rate of 10 ℃/min, sealing temperature of 944 ℃, sealing time of 32 min, nitrogen flow rate of 1 408 L/h, and cooling rate of 10 ℃/min. The average leakage rate of aerospace electrical connectors under these conditions is 4.07×10-10 Pa·m3·s-1, which is consistent with the predicted value of regression model. The mechanism of glass and metal sealing is chemical bonding and physical meshing between glass and metal, and the good wetting between glass and metal oxide.