甘肃马衔山和田玉具有重要的宝玉石价值和考古文化价值, 其中产地区分为甘肃马衔山和田玉的研究重点。 通过测试分析马衔山和田玉的化学成分, 对比其与国内主要产地和田玉的化学成分差异, 建立微量元素产地判别模型, 对甘肃马衔山和田玉的产地鉴别进行探究, 为甘肃齐家文化中古玉器溯源提供数据支撑。 以电子探针分析甘肃马衔山和田玉的主量元素, 结果表明其主要成分为透闪石。 采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪分析其微量元素和稀土元素, 对比新疆、 青海、 辽宁、 江苏、 贵州、 甘肃马衔山和田玉微量元素蛛网图、 稀土元素参数和稀土元素配分图, 结果表明不同产地和田玉存在差异, 可进行产地区分; 三维散点图δCe-ΣREE-LREE/HREE投图可将青海、 辽宁、 江苏、 贵州和田玉进行产地区分, 但不能区分新疆和甘肃马衔山和田玉; 运用SPSS软件对新疆、 青海、 辽宁、 江苏、 贵州、 甘肃马衔山和田玉的微量元素建立产地线性判别模型, 对于已知六个产地: 新疆、 青海、 辽宁、 江苏、 贵州、 甘肃马衔山的数据, 判别分析正确率可达100.0%, 交叉验证正确率为90.3%, 预留10组马衔山和田玉数据, 回代验证正确率为100%。 微量元素产地线性判别模型在和田玉产地判别中获得很好的效果。

The Hetian Yu from Maxianshan have important gemological and archaeological cultural value in Gansu province. The origin discrimination is divided into a research focus for Hetian Yu from Maxianshan. In this paper, through testing and analyzing chemical compositions of Hetian Yu from Maxianshan, comparing its chemical compositions with the main domestic origins of Hetian Yu, and establishing discriminant models for the origins of trace elements, it explores the identifications of Hetian Yu from Maxianshan in Gansu and providing data supports for the traceability of ancient jade artifacts of the Qijia Culture in Gansu. Electron probe analysis of the main elements of Hetian Yu from Maxianshan shows that main component is tremolite. The trace elements and REE of Hetian Yu from Xinjiang, Qinghai, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Guizhou and Gansu provinces were analyzed by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS), and show that there were differences in the trace elements, REE parameters and the REE distribution patterns of Hetian Yu from Maxianshan with other origins, which could be used to discriminant Hetian Yu from different origins. Three-dimensional scatter map ΔCe-Σ REE-LREE/HREE can discriminant the origins of Hetian Yu from Qinghai, Liaoning, Jiangsu and Guizhou provinces but can not discriminant the Hetian Yu from Xinjiang and Gansu provinces. SPSS software was used to establish a linear origin discrimination model for trace elements of Hetian Yu in Maxianshan, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Qinghai, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Guizhou provinces. For six known origins: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Qinghai, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Guizhou, Gansu provinces, the correct rate of discriminant analysis and cross-validation can reach 100.0% and 90.3%. There are 10 sets of Maxianshan data reserved, and the correct rate of back-generation verification is 100%. The linear origins discrimination model of trace elements has a good effect in the discrimination of Hetian Yu from various origins.