有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)具有高能量转换效率、低能耗和低成本等优点, 但PSCs界面缺陷引起的非辐射复合严重阻碍了其光电转换性能提升。本研究通过降低氧化镍空穴传输层的粒径尺寸, 提高粒径均匀性, 实现了光生空穴在电池界面的高效传输; 并通过优化钙钛矿薄膜的反溶剂作用时间提升结晶质量, 降低界面非辐射复合, 改善空穴传输层和钙钛矿的界面问题, 使钙钛矿太阳能电池的能量转换效率(PCE)从10.11%提高到18.37%。开尔文探针力显微镜(KPFM)研究表明, 界面优化后的钙钛矿薄膜在亮态下的表面接触电位差相比于暗态下增加了120.39 mV。采用压电力原子力显微镜(PFM)分析钙钛矿薄膜明暗态铁电性能, 发现界面优化后的钙钛矿铁电极化变化微弱, 说明优化界面有效降低了电池界面缺陷和迟滞效应。该研究结果表明, 优化氧化镍空穴传输层, 提高钙钛矿薄膜质量, 减少了界面缺陷, 降低了非辐射复合和电池迟滞效应, 提高了钙钛矿太阳能电池的能量转换效率。

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted global attention as one of the most promising photovoltaic materials due to their high efficiency, low energy consumption and low cost. However, non-radiative recombination caused by interface defects severely inhibits the performance of PSCs. To solve this critical issue, the particle size of nickel oxide (NiO_x) hole transport layer was reduced to improve the particle size uniformity and achieve efficient hole transport. Furthermore, the antisolvent acting time of the perovskite film was optimized to reduce the interfacial non-radiative recombination and interfacial defect. As a result, the crystalline quality is improved and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the perovskite solar cells increase from 10.11% to 18.37%. Kelvin probe atomic force microscopy (KPFM) study shows that the contact potential difference (CPD) of the optimized perovskite film in the illumination condition increases by 120.39 mV compared with that under the dark condition. Analysis by piezoelectric atomic force microscopy (PFM) reveals that the ferroelectric polarization of the optimized interfacial perovskite films hardly changes from illumination to dark states, indicating that reducing interfacial defects can decrease the hysteresis effect of the PSCs. It is concluded that optimizing the NiO_x hole transport layer and improving the quality of perovskite film can reduce the interface defects, the non-radiative recombination and the hysteresis effect, and improve PCE of perovskite solar cells.