为了研究自相似脉冲在Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的压缩特性，采用非线性薛定谔方程对自相似脉冲的演化和压缩进行了模拟，分析了基于级联单模光纤的Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的光纤参数对脉冲压缩的影响。结果表明，在不考虑高阶色散的情况下，当上臂的两种单模光纤长度分别为8.16 m和2.16 m、下臂的单模光纤长度为8.16 m时，获得半峰全宽为27.85 fs、峰值功率为1860.59 W、基座能量比例为10.241%的最佳压缩脉冲; 考虑高阶色散时，脉冲在单模光纤中传输呈现出峰值功率增大、基座增大的现象，且脉冲右移不利于输出基座较小的压缩脉冲; 当3阶色散系数小于0.001 ps3/km时，利用Mach-Zehnder干涉仪来压缩能获得质量较好的飞秒脉冲。该研究结果对于自相似脉冲的压缩研究具有一定的参考价值。

In order to study the compression characteristics of the self-similar pulse in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI), the evolution and compression of the self-similar pulse were simulated by using the nonlinear Schrdinger equation. The influence of the fiber parameters on pulse compression of the MZI based on the cascade single-mode fiber was analyzed. The results show that without considering the high-order dispersion, when the length of the two single-mode fibers in the upper arm is 8.16 m and 2.16 m, respectively, and the length of the single-mode fiber in the lower arm is 8.16 m, the optimal compression pulse is obtained with the full width at half maximum of 27.85 fs, peak power of 1860.59 W and the pedestal energy ratio is 10.241%. When high-order dispersion is considered, it is found that pulse transmission in single-mode fiber presents the phenomenon of the peak power increase and the pedestal energy ratio increase, and the right shift of pulse is not favorable to output compression pulse with a small pedestal. When the third-order dispersion is less than 0.001 ps3/km, femtosecond pulses of good quality can be obtained by using MZI compression. The result of this study has certain reference values for self-similar pulse compression research.