王犇 1,2,3,4张利剑 1,2,3,4,*
作者单位
摘要
1 南京大学现代工程与应用科学学院,江苏 南京 210023
2 智能光传感与调控技术教育部重点实验室,江苏 南京 210023
3 人工微结构科学与技术协同创新中心,江苏 南京 210023
4 南京大学固体微结构物理国家重点实验室,江苏 南京 210023
量子精密测量作为当代量子力学的主要应用方面之一,近些年来一直是量子科技的重要研究和发展方向。量子精密测量的主要研究目标是针对物理系统中的未知参数,利用量子资源进行量子增强测量,以提升参数测量精度。与其他物理系统相比,光子系统具有相干时间长、不易受到环境干扰等优越性,因而常被用作量子信息处理的载体。以光子为基础的传感器提升传感精度是光量子精密测量的主要任务。介绍了量子精密测量的一般性原理,给出参数估计的量子极限精度下界。同时,介绍了目前光量子精密测量的理论与实验研究进展以及相应的挑战。
量子光学 量子精密测量 参数估计 海森堡极限 传感 
中国激光
2024, 51(1): 0112001
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
2 Research Center for Quantum Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 310000, China
Discriminating two spatially separated sources is one of the most fundamental problems in imaging. Recent research based on quantum parameter estimation theory shows that the resolution limit of two incoherent point sources given by Rayleigh can be broken. However, in realistic optical systems, there often exists coherence in the imaging light field, and there have been efforts to analyze the optical resolution in the presence of partial coherence. Nevertheless, how the degree of coherence between two point sources affects the resolution has not been fully understood. Here, we analyze the quantum-limited resolution of two partially coherent point sources by explicitly relating the state after evolution through the optical systems to the coherence of the sources. In particular, we consider the situation in which coherence varies with the separation. We propose a feasible experiment scheme to realize the nearly optimal measurement, which adaptively chooses the binary spatial-mode demultiplexing measurement and direct imaging. Our results will have wide applications in imaging involving coherence of light.
quantum metrology quantum imaging partial coherence 
Chinese Optics Letters
2023, 21(4): 042601

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