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Atomic and Molecular Physics
Micro-fabrication and hermeticity measurement of alkali-atom vapor cells based on anodic bonding
Download:1323次
Lu Zhang
1
Wendong Zhang
1
Shougang Zhang
2
Shubin Yan
1,*
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
2
Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600, China
A vapor cell provides a well-controlled and stable inner atmosphere for atomic sensors, such as atomic gyroscopes, atomic magnetometers, and atomic clocks, and its hermeticity affects the stability and aging of atomic sensors. We present the micro-fabrication of a micro-electromechanical system wafer-level hermit vapor cell based on deep reactive ion etching and vacuum anodic-bonding technology. The anodic-bonding process with the voltage increasing in steps of 200 V had a critical influence on vapor cell hermeticity. Further, the silicon–glass bonding surface was experimentally investigated by a scanning electron microscope, which illustrated that there were no visual cracks and defects in the bonding surface. The leak rate was measured using a helium leak detector. The result shows that the vapor cells with different optical cavity lengths comply with the MIL-STD-883E standard (5 × 10
8
mbar·L/s). Moreover, D2 absorption spectroscopy was characterized via optical absorption. The bonding strength was determined to be 13 MPa, which further verified the quality of the vapor cells.
020.1335
Atom optics
020.1670
Coherent optical effects
110.3960
Microlithography
300.6460
Spectroscopy, saturation
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(10): 100201
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Optimization of temperature characteristics of a transportable
87
Rb atomic fountain clock
Download:990次
Xinwen Wang
1,2
Kangkang Liu
1
Henan Cheng
1
Wei Ren
1
[ ... ]
Desheng Lü
1,2,**
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
2
College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
A high-performance transportable fountain clock is attractive for use in laboratories with high-precision time-frequency measurement requirements. This Letter reports the improvement of the stability of a transportable rubidium-87 fountain clock because of an optimization of temperature characteristics. This clock integrates its physical packaging, optical benches, microwave frequency synthesizers, and electronic controls onto an easily movable wheeled plate. Two optical benches with a high-vibration resistance are realized in this work. No additional adjustment is required after moving them several times. The Allan deviation of the fountain clock frequency was measured by comparing it with that of the hydrogen maser. The fountain clock got a short-term stability of
2.3
×
10
13
at 1 s and long-term stability on the order of 10
16
at 100,000 s.
020.3320
Laser cooling
120.3940
Metrology
270.2500
Fluctuations, relaxations, and noise
270.5570
Quantum detectors
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(8): 080201
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Vibration compensation of an atom gravimeter
Download:867次
Aopeng Xu
1
Delong Kong
1
Zhijie Fu
1
Zhaoying Wang
1,*
Qiang Lin
2,**
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Institute of Optics, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2
Center for Optics and Optoelectronics Research, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
For most atom interferometers, the vibration isolation unit is applied to reduce vibration noise. In our experiment, instead of isolation, the vibration signals are monitored, and combining with the sensitive function, the compensation phase shift for the atom interferometer is obtained. We focus on the correction over a wide spectrum rather than on “monochromatic” frequencies. The sensitivity of the atom gravimeter can be upgraded by a factor of more than two. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the atom interferometer can still produce a good measurement result without passive vibration isolation in extremely noisy environments by using vibration compensation.
020.3320
Laser cooling
000.2780
Gravity
270.5570
Quantum detectors
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(7): 070201
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Cesium atomic Doppler broadening thermometry for room temperature measurement
Download:870次
Yijie Pan
1,*
Wenhan Liao
1,2
He Wang
1,3
Yan Yao
2
[ ... ]
Jifeng Qu
1,**
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China
2
College of Metrology & Measurement Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
3
School of Optoelectronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Atomic Doppler broadening thermometry (DBT) is potentially an accurate and practical approach for thermodynamic temperature measurement. However, previous reported atomic DBT had a long acquisition time and had only been proved at the triple point of water, 0°C, for the purpose of determination of the Boltzmann constant. This research implemented the cesium atomic DBT for fast room temperature measurement. The Cs
133
D1 (6S
1/2
→ 6p
1/2
transition) line was measured by direct laser absorption spectroscopy, and the quantity of thermal-induced linewidth broadening was precisely retrieved by the Voigt profile fitting algorithm. The preliminary results showed the proposed approach had a 4 min single-scan acquisition time and 0.2% reproducibility. It is expected that the atomic DBT could be used as an accurate, chip-scale, and calibration-free temperature sensor and standard.
020.1335
Atom optics
300.6210
Spectroscopy, atomic
120.6780
Temperature
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(6): 060201
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Micro-fabrication process of vapor cells for chip-scale atomic clocks
Download:913次
Yanjun Zhang
1
Yunchao Li
1
Xuwen Hu
1
Lu Zhang
1
[ ... ]
Shubin Yan
1,*
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
2
Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600, China
As the key part of chip-scale atomic clocks (CSACs), the vapor cell directly determines the volume, stability, and power consumption of the CSAC. The reduction of the power consumption and CSAC volumes demands the manufacture of corresponding vapor cells. This overview presents the research development of vapor cells of the past few years and analyzes the shortages of the current preparation technology. By comparing several different vapor cell preparation methods, we successfully realized the micro-fabrication of vapor cells using anodic bonding and deep silicon etching. This cell fabrication method is simple and effective in avoiding weak bonding strengths caused by alkali metal volatilization during anodic bonding under high temperatures. Finally, the vapor cell D2 line was characterized via optical-absorption resonance. According to the results, the proposed method is suitable for CSAC.
020.1335
Atom optics
020.1670
Coherent optical effects
110.3960
Microlithography
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(4): 040202
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Zeeman slowing atoms using the magnetic field from a magneto-optical trap
Download:785次
Wen Yan
1
Yuan Yao
1,*
Yuxin Sun
1
Hoyt W. Chad
2
[ ... ]
Longsheng Ma
1
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
2
Physics & Engineering, Bethel University, St. Paul, Minnesota 55112, USA
We study a Zeeman slower using the magnetic field generated by a pair of coils for a magneto-optical trap. The efficiency of the Zeeman slower is shown to be dependent on the intensity and frequency detuning of the laser light for slowing the atoms. With the help of numerical analysis, optimal experimental parameters are explored. Experimentally, the optimal frequency detuning and intensity of the slowing beam are explored, and 4 × 10
7
ytterbium atoms are trapped in the magneto-optical trap.
020.3320
Laser cooling
020.7490
Zeeman effect
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2019, 17(4): 040201
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Intensity-independent molecular rotational decoherence lifetimes measured with mean wavelength shifts of femtosecond pulses
Download:681次
Hongqiang Xie
1,2
Guihua Li
3
Jinping Yao
2
Wei Chu
2
[ ... ]
Ya Cheng
2,4,*
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
School of Science, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
2
State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
3
School of Science, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
4
Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
We report on an experimental investigation on the dynamic decoherence process of molecular rotational wavepackets during femtosecond laser filamentation based on time-dependent mean wavelength shifts of a weak probe pulse. Details of periodic revival structures of transient alignment can be readily obtained from the measured shifted spectra due to the periodic modulation of the molecular refractive index. Using the method, we measured decoherence lifetimes of molecular rotational wavepackets in
N
2
and
O
2
under different experimental conditions. Our results indicate that decoherence lifetimes of molecular rotational wavepackets are primarily determined by the relative population of rotational states in the wave packet and intermolecular collisions, rather than the focusing intensity.
020.2649
Strong field laser physics
300.6530
Spectroscopy, ultrafast
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2018, 16(12): 120201
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Widely tunable laser frequency offset locking to the atomic resonance line with frequency modulation spectroscopy
Download:853次
Anqi Wang
Zhixin Meng
Yanying Feng
*
Author Affiliations
Abstract
State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
A simple and robust technique is reported to offset lock a single semiconductor laser to the atom resonance line with a frequency difference easily adjustable from a few tens of megahertz up to tens of gigahertz. The proposed scheme makes use of the frequency modulation spectroscopy by modulating sidebands of a fiber electro-optic modulator output. The short-term performances of a frequency offset locked semiconductor laser are experimentally demonstrated with the Allan variance of around
3.9
×
10
11
at a 2 s integration time. This method may have many applications, such as in Raman optics for an atom interferometer.
020.1335
Atom optics
140.3425
Laser stabilization
140.3518
Lasers, frequency modulated
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2018, 16(5): 050201
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Non-resonant magneto-optical effects in cold atoms
Download:993次
Jinyin Wan
Huadong Cheng
*
Yanling Meng
Ling Xiao
[ ... ]
Liang Liu
**
Author Affiliations
Abstract
Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics, Center of Cold Atom Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
We report a novel nonresonant magneto-optical effect in cold atoms and present the optimized parameters of the biased magnetic field, the incident probe light intensity, and the probe detuning to obtain the maximal signal of the magneto-optical rotation. This detection scheme may further improve the stability of the cold atom clock.
020.3320
Laser cooling
020.1670
Coherent optical effects
290.2558
Forward scattering
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2015, 13(2): 020201
Atomic and Molecular Physics
Selection of odd or even harmonics by a multi-color laser field with macroscopic phase-matching
Download:965次
Jiaming Jiang
1,2
Pengfei Wei
3,*
Zhinan Zeng
2
Xiaolong Yuan
2
[ ... ]
Zhizhan Xu
2
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1
School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
2
State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
3
Department of Physics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
We experimentally and theoretically demonstrate that the property (odd or even) of generated harmonics can be selected by manipulating the macroscopic phase-matching conditions based on a three-color laser field. Only odd or even harmonics can be made dominant by changing the focal position and adjusting the gas pressure. These results indicate that the odd-even property of the generated harmonics can be controlled by using the multi-color laser field with macroscopic phase-matching.
020.1335
Atom optics
020.2649
Strong field laser physics
190.2620
Harmonic generation and mixing
PDF全文
Full Text
Chinese Optics Letters
2015, 13(5): 050202
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