1 中南林业科技大学机电工程学院，湖南 长沙 410018
2 中南大学机电工程学院，湖南 长沙 410083
3 中南大学高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410083
利用飞秒激光相位掩模加工方法制造光纤布拉格光栅（FBG），并研究了激光能量和曝光时间对FBG波长、反射率和带宽的影响规律。研究发现，随着曝光时间的增加，光纤的折射率调制量逐渐变大，耦合效率增大，反射率逐渐变大。当光纤耦合效率达到饱和时，反射率保持不变；当过曝光时，反射率轻微减小，光纤的平均有效折射率和折射率调制深度均变大，带宽增大。随着激光能量的增大，达到最大反射率所需要的曝光时间缩短，且FBG波长的红移量越多，带宽就越大。过大的激光能量会使平均有效折射率和折射率调制深度变大，从而导致FBG主谐振峰两边的旁瓣增多，影响光谱质量。另外，短波方向旁瓣的振荡比较显著，而长波方向则比较平顺。因此，在实际加工中需要选择合适的激光曝光能量和曝光时间。实验获得的最大FBG反射强度达到15 dB，且其光谱变化和理论分析一致。该研究为高质量FBG的制造和光谱特性优化提供了实验依据。
光纤光学 光纤布拉格光栅 飞秒激光 相位掩模法 光谱特性 带宽 中国激光
2023, 50(19): 1906001
1 中南大学机电工程学院，湖南 长沙 410083
2 高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410083
超短脉冲激光凭借其脉宽窄、峰值功率高的特点，可以实现高精度材料生长、改性和去除等形式的加工，具有良好的材料适应性和工艺兼容性，在微电/光互连领域取得了开拓性应用进展，已成为近年来先进制造的新兴关键技术。本文简要介绍超短脉冲激光实现微光电子器件制造的基本机制，包括多光子还原、表面等离子体共振和双光子聚合等，重点阐述超短脉冲激光加工在微光/电互连领域的应用研究进展，并对超短脉冲激光加工在该领域的发展方向进行总结和展望。
激光技术 超短脉冲激光 多光子还原 表面等离子体共振 双光子聚合 光波导 中国激光
2022, 49(10): 1002502
Author Affiliations
Abstract
State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
A phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG) based on a microchannel was proposed and realized by combining the point-by-point scanning method with chemical etching. The PS-FBG is composed of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and a microchannel through the fiber core. The microchannel can introduce phase shift into the FBG. What is more important is that it exposes the fiber core to the external environment. The phase shift peak is sensitive to the liquid refractive index, and it shows a linear refractive index response wavelength and intensity sensitivity of 2.526 nm/RIU and -111 dB/RIU, respectively. Therefore, such gratings can be used as sensors or tunable filters.
fiber Bragg grating microchannel structure phase shift fiber optic sensors Chinese Optics Letters
2021, 19(3): 030602
中南大学机电工程学院, 高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室, 湖南 长沙 410083
飞秒激光凭借其超短脉宽和极高峰值功率,在微纳加工中发挥了重要的优势,而飞秒激光的加工效率制约其在工业领域的应用。近年来,研究者成功将空间光调制器应用于飞秒激光加工,实现飞秒激光加工效率和灵活性的进一步提高。本文综述了近年来硅基液晶空间光调制器在飞秒激光加工领域的研究进展,主要包括多焦点并行加工、结构光场并行加工和矢量光场加工,分析了三种方法的优势和不足。并从光场均匀性和衍射效率两个方面,讨论了近年来对光场质量的研究。最后探讨了该领域目前存在的问题,并对未来提出了展望。
激光光学 飞秒激光 硅基液晶空间光调制器 多焦点并行加工 结构光场 矢量光场 光场质量 激光与光电子学进展
2020, 57(11): 111416
Author Affiliations
Abstract
State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
In order to improve the morphology of microchannels fabricated by femtosecond laser ablation, the thermal process was introduced into the post-treatment processing. It was found that the thermal process cannot only decrease the roughness but also the width and depth of the microchannel. The change rates of width, depth, and roughness of the microchannel increase with processing temperature. When we prolong the time of constant temperature, the change rate of the width decreases at the beginning, and then it tends to be stable. However, the change rates of depth and roughness increase, and then they tend to be stable. In this Letter, we discuss the reasons of the above phenomena.
140.3390 Laser materials processing 230.7380 Waveguides, channeled Chinese Optics Letters
2018, 16(10): 101402
Author Affiliations
Abstract
State Key Laboratory of High Performance and Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
A constant elastic alloy is a widely used material with a high elastic modulus and an excellent wave velocity consistency. Different morphologies on the constant elastic alloy surface are observed through femtosecond laser irradiation. When the laser average fluence is set to 0.58 J/cm2 and 200 laser pulses, with the increasing depth of distilled water, the period of the laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) becomes shorter accordingly. The higher the ethanol concentration is, the more spot-shaped structures will be formed among the surface structures when the depth of the coverage of ethanol is 2 mm. The period of the LIPSS reaches its maximum when the concentration of ethanol is 80%.
320.2250 Femtosecond phenomena 220.4241 Nanostructure fabrication 100.0118 Imaging ultrafast phenomena Chinese Optics Letters
2017, 15(2): 021404
Author Affiliations
Abstract
The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
A fused silica glass micro-channel can be formed by chemical etching after femtosecond laser irradiation, and the successful etching probability is only 48%. In order to improve the micro-channel fabrication success probability, the method of processing a high-temperature lattice by a femtosecond laser pulse train is provided. With the same pulse energy and scanning speed, the success probability can be increased to 98% by optimizing pulse delay. The enhancement is mainly caused by the nanostructure, which changes from a periodic slabs structure to some intensive and loose pore structures. In this Letter, the optimum pulse energy distribution ratio to the etching is also investigated.
140.0140 Lasers and laser optics 230.7380 Waveguides, channeled Chinese Optics Letters
2017, 15(7): 071403
中南大学机电工程学院 高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室, 湖南 长沙 410083
传统的半导体工艺制作微流体系统中微通道, 只能对材料进行表面加工。飞秒激光具有极高的峰值功率和超短的脉冲持续时间, 能够对材料直接进行三维加工, 为高效率、高质量的微通道加工提供了可能。通过研究飞秒激光加工参数, 包括激光脉冲能量、扫描速度和偏振态对玻璃微通道的选择性腐蚀比影响规律, 发现当激光脉冲能量在2～10 μJ变化时, 微通道宽度变大, 2 μJ时微通道长宽选择性腐蚀比L/D高于其它脉冲能量参数, 但随着腐蚀时间的延长, 宽度变化越来越小, 最后趋于稳定; 当激光扫描速度在0.20～0.45 mm/s之间变化时, 随着腐蚀时间的延长微通道长宽选择性腐蚀比L/D逐渐增大, 但当速度增加到0.35 mm/s左右时选择性腐蚀比L/D增到最大, 此后呈现下降趋势, 同样随着腐蚀时间的延长, 腐蚀通道的宽度变化越来越小, 逐渐趋于平稳; 当偏振态从线偏振到圆偏振变化时, 线偏振时的微通道长宽选择性腐蚀比L/D更大。实验结果表明: 获得较大微通道长宽选择性腐蚀比L/D的最优加工参数为激光脉冲能量2 μJ, 激光扫描速度0.35 mm/s, 线偏振。
微流体系统 飞秒激光 微通道 选择性腐蚀比 microfluidic system femtosecond laser microchannel selective etching ratio
1 中南大学 高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室, 湖南 长沙 410083
2 罗彻斯特大学光学研究所, 纽约 14627
与传统传感器相比, 全光纤马赫泽德尔干涉仪(MZI)传感器, 具有结构简单、分辨率高、稳定性好等优点, 在石油化工、健康监测、生物化学等领域有广泛应用。介绍了MZI全光纤传感器的传感机理,对比了其他的加工方法, 如电弧放电、加热拉伸、CO2激光诱导微变形等的优缺点, 详细介绍了飞秒激光加工得到的MZI传感器的结构形式、折射率和温度等传感性能。重点阐述了飞秒激光加工MZI的研究现状和优点, 并对运用飞秒激光方法加工的MZI进行了总结和展望。
飞秒激光 全光纤MZI传感器 传感特性 Femtosecond laser All fiber MZI sensors Sensing performances
中南大学 高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室, 湖南 长沙 410083
随着光信息技术的发展, 长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)凭借其插入损耗小、传感灵敏度高, 体积小等优点, 广泛应用于光纤传感和光纤通信等领域, 成为最具有发展前途的光子无源器件。作为加工光纤传感器等重要功能器件的飞秒激光, 其在透明介质内部的三维结构加工上具有高峰值功率、热效应小等得天独厚的优势。介绍了采用飞秒激光刻写不同扭转周数的扭转型长周期光纤光栅, 并分析了其扭转特性。通过对比扭转2、4、6和8周的长周期光纤光栅的扭转调控实验结果, 发现8周的扭转型长周期光纤光栅在单方向上主谐振峰波长对扭转率的响应灵敏度达到了117.4 pm/(rad/m), 线性度达到了0.999 5, 波长调控范围约12.33 nm, 非常适合波长和带宽调控。实验研究了8周扭转型长周期光纤光栅的曲率特性, 发现这种方式下刻写的扭转型LPFG在大曲率(13)各个方向下, 光谱0°和180°相似, 90°和270°相似, 但是这两对光谱差异很大, 即该光栅依然有各向异性。
飞秒激光 扭转型长周期光纤光栅 扭转率 曲率 femtosecond laser twisted long period fiber grating torsion rate curvature
