二维金刚石是具有独特物理特性的原子级厚度超薄金刚石纳米膜，同时具备体金刚石的多种优异性质。目前，关于二维金刚石的研究尚处于初始阶段，主要集中于结构和电学性能的理论工作，近年来开始有实验制备相关报道。文章介绍了二维金刚石的最新进展，重点讨论了结构、表面功能调制和电学特性的理论和实验结果，及其发展趋势、面临的挑战和应用前景。

纳米金刚石具有优异的机械性能、导热性、生物相容性和结构可调性，在复合材料、电化学、催化、医学等领域的研究被不断开拓，工业上通过爆轰法实现纳米金刚石的大批量生产为其应用提供了基础。由于纳米金刚石表面结构复杂，需要精准调控以实现目标性能，对其表面功能化的研究具有重要的实际意义。本文首先介绍了对纳米金刚石进行各种表面修饰的方法，然后着重阐述其表面功能化研究对纳米金刚石在机械性能、催化性能和生物医学领域应用的影响，最后对纳米金刚石未来的研究方向进行了展望。

为了实现超低样本体积、高灵敏度的血液葡萄糖浓度检测, 采用时域有限差分法分析了液芯微管腔（MTC）的壁厚和直径对回音壁模式（WGM）共振特性的影响。利用熔融拉锥法制备了MTC, 通过高精度电控位移平台实现MTC和锥形光纤的高精度耦合以及WGM共振谱的激发, 并对MTC进行表面功能化和过耦合方法以提高灵敏和稳定性,同时进行了理论分析和实验验证。结果表明,表面功能化的液芯MTC传感器取得的灵敏度约为0.911pm/(mmol·L-1), 线性度为0.988;该低浓度血液葡萄糖光学传感器的灵敏度和稳定性很高。这一结果对运动员训练中血糖的实时、快速监测, 保障运动安全性和持久性等是有帮助的。

Surface functionalization of sensor chip for probe immobilization is crucial for the biosensing applications of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors. In this paper, we report a method circulating the dopamine aqueous solution to coat polydopamine film on sensing surface for surface functionalization of SPR chip. The polydopamine film with available thickness can be easily prepared by controlling the circulation time and the biorecognition elements can be immobilized on the polydopamine film for specific molecular interaction analysis. These opera-tions are all performed under flow condition in the fluidic system, and have the advantages of easy implementation, less time consuming, and low cost, because the reagents and devices used in the operations are routinely applied in most laboratories. In this study, the specific absorption between the protein A probe immobilized on the sensing surface and human immunoglobulin G in the buffer is monitored based on this surface functionalization strategy to demonstrated its feasibility for SPR biosensing applications.

Among the several types of inorganic nanoparticles available, silica nanoparticles (SNP) have earned their relevance in biological applications namely, as bioimaging agents. In fact, fluorescent SNP (FSNP) have been explored in this field as protective nanocarriers, overcoming some limitations presented by conventional organic dyes such as high photobleaching rates. A crucial aspect on the use of fluorescent SNP relates to their surface properties, since it determines the extent of interaction between nanoparticles and biological systems, namely in terms of colloidal stability in water, cellular recognition and internalization, tracking, biodistribution and speci- ficity, among others. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms underlying the interaction between biosystems and the SNP surfaces, making surface functionalization a relevant step in order to take full advantage of particle properties. The versatility of the surface chemistry on silica platforms, together with the intrinsic hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, make these systems suitable for bioimaging applications, such as those mentioned in this review.

以肝素钠为碳源, 采用水热法一步制备了表面功能化的荧光碳纳米点。利用透射电镜、红外光谱、光电子能谱及荧光发射光谱对其形貌、结构和光致发光性质进行了测试分析。研究结果表明, 碳纳米点具有较为均一的尺寸和较强的荧光, 并且保留了碳源中大量的官能团。制备得到的碳纳米点可应用于Cu2+的检测, 显示了其作为离子传感器材料的潜在应用价值。

The structure and physical properties of a thin titania sol-gel layer prepared on silicon and silica surfaces were examined. Spectroscopic (FTIR, UV-VIS spectroscopy), refractive index (ellipsometry) and microscopic (light microscopy and SEM/EDS) tools were used to examine both chemical uniformity and physical uniformity of the sol-gel glass layers. The conditions for the fabrication of uniform layers were established, and room temperature dopant incorporation was examined. The absorption bands of porphyrin-containing titania sol-gel layers were characterized. By addition of a metal salt to the titania layer, it was possible to metallate the free-base porphyrin within and change the UV-VIS absorbance of the porphyrin, the basis of metal detection using porphyrins. The metalloporphyrins were detected by localized laser ablation inductive coupled mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS), indicating fairly uniform distribution of metals across the titania surface.