对流层大气温度的垂直分布特征直接关联天气现象和大气污染物扩散, 一直是气象和环境部门的重点观测对象。当前激光雷达技术已经成为探测对流层大气温度垂直分布和时间演变的有效手段。然而由于对流层中含有大量的气溶胶粒子, 因此利用传统的振动拉曼和瑞利散射激光雷达技术测量大气温度具有一定的局限性, 尤其是边界层内存在高浓度的气溶胶粒子会严重降低大气温度测量精度。采用纯转动拉曼激光雷达技术可有效降低气溶胶粒子对测量温度精度的影响。纯转动拉曼测温激光雷达的核心是分光单元设计, 国内外研究普遍使用基于双光栅干涉仪的分光方法。文中将采用基于滤光片法的纯转动拉曼信号分光设计, 相比而言该方法具有更高的分光效率, 并且能够通过调节滤光片的角度改变激光雷达系统的灵敏度, 操作更为简单。在中国科学院“大气灰霾追因与控制”先导专项支持下, 该激光雷达与2014年11月安置在中国科学技术大学超级大气观测站。在亚太经济合作组织北京会议期间, 展开大气环境测量试验。激光紫外波段能量约为200 mJ, 频率为20 Hz, 激光脉冲数为5 000发, 空间分辨率为7.5 m。实验结果表明, 在晴朗无云气溶胶浓度较小的天气条件下温度测量统计误差小于1.5 K, 测量高度可达10 km, 在7.5 km以下统计误差小于1 K; 在有薄云或者轻度雾霾天气条件下, 温度测量统计误差在±3 K左右, 测量有效高度通常在6~8 km, 在4.8 km以下统计误差小于1 K。

环境杂散光会显著降低LED显示屏的对比度，本文提出在全彩屏前增加一个干涉滤光片的方法，选择性地透过RGB三色光，杂散光却被反射，从而提高显示屏的对比度。文章提出了RGB发射峰的数学模型和滤光片设计的评价函数，给出了详尽的设计方法、步骤和一个例子的设计结果。

Thin film optical coatings tailor light reflected or transmitted from an optical element in a desired way. An optical coating chamber is a complex system in which multiple subsystems operate together to fabricate such coatings. For physical vapor deposition processes, such as evaporation and sputtering, the active parts of the subsystems are located within a vacuum chamber. One example is the source system that provides vapor from which films are formed. A gas delivery subsystem may add process gases either in their ground or excited states. Rotary motion and masking subsystems may be used to achieve better uniformity. In addition, a subsystem that ensures accurate layer thickness control may be utilized. Precision optical coatings require that individual layer thicknesses be controlled to within a few percent of the design target or less to achieve accurate placement of a spectral feature. Systems for manufacturing precision optical coatings demand the use of the subsystems that operate within tight tolerances. In this letter, we illustrate subsystem requirements by examining three examples in detail. We then discuss spectral placement impact resulting from height variations of the substrate mounting, thermal gradients on a substrate, and process instabilities from a moving anode. Finally, we conclude by providing a few examples of the performance attainable using a precision coating platform, when all subsystems work properly.

本文提出了基于近红外光谱的茶叶成份检测仪的设计与实现。该检测仪采用干涉滤光片作为分光器件,其旋转样品池内嵌了漫反射标准白板,以实现快速交替检测样品及白板漫反射信号,使样品与白板的检测同步完成,简化仪器机械结构, 提高了光谱稳定性和样品检测速度与精度。光电信号检测系统采用了InGaAs 光电探测器,利用仪表放大器和24 位A/D 转换器分别完成信号调理和数据采集,以USB 2.0 实现仪器与计算机的数据传输,再由计算机化学计量学软件完成吸光度计算及茶叶样品的成分分析。实验结果表明,本样机实测茶叶成份值与理化检验值的相对误差小于5%。

A robust external cavity diode laser (ECDL) insensitive to mechanical vibration is built with an interference filter for selecting wavelength and a cat-eye reflector for light feedback. The free-running laser has a linewidth of 72 kHz. The laser frequency stability reaches 3×10^-12 at 1-s integration time in terms of relative Allan variance based on the saturation absorption spectrum.

A design approach is described to achieve spectral blocking filters of any spectral width and optical density for narrow blocking bands. We give new criterions to find the necessary number of layers from the desired bandwidth and optical density, and give new estimate equations which describe the number of layers required for designing a blocking filter of given bandwidth, high index, and optical density. This approach can be useful for laser line blocking, night vision filters, and many other general applications.

目前,干涉滤光片已广泛运用到辐射度学测量、光度学测量等领域,为保证其光谱透过率测量的高准确度,提出了采用基于DK242单色仪,入射、出射光路独立设计的全自动,单光路分光光度计,其测量部分采用了硅探测器与积分球组合的探测单元,提高了测量的准确度.装置的不确定度源包括波长定标、探测器均匀性、系统稳定性、光束移位等,装置整体不确定度达到8.78×10-3,满足设计要求.

研究了薄膜干涉滤光片的单色性对生化仪和光谱分析仪实现高信噪比的重要性.通过对薄膜干涉滤光片单色性的数学分析,结合实际应用,设计和制作出的高信噪比薄膜干涉滤光片能完全符合生化检测的要求,能正确地反映出不同被检样品的特性.

基于薄膜干涉滤光片角度调谐的基本原理,提出并实现了一种线性调谐滤光器。利用步进电机控制薄膜干涉滤光片的入射角,通过优化机构装置参量,使步进电机旋转角成为线性控制变量。通过应用多层介质薄膜的膜系特征矩阵以及机构装置的几何关系,从理论上得到了滤光片的峰值波长随步进电机的旋转角之间的变化关系曲线,证明线性调谐滤光器具有可行性。设计了一个包括步进电机控制电路在内的实验装置,在1548～1561 nm的波长调谐范围内,取得了线性误差在±0.6 nm以下的实验结果。

研究了Ta2O5/SiO2硬膜双腔干涉滤光片带内、带边及带外的吸收和激光损伤特性。实验发现,对于作用激光,带通滤光片的驻波场分布、吸收率和损伤阈值在带内、带边和带外的响应特性对作用激光波长均呈现出明显的选择性。根据实验结果,结合滤光片的驻波场分析,给出了带通滤光片的损伤机理。