塑化剂是一种高分子材料助剂, 广泛应用于人民生活工作中的各领域, 长期或者高浓度接触对人体健康有巨大的潜在危害, 如今塑化剂危害事件频频发生, 对塑化剂的检测严控已成重中之重。 目前, 塑化剂的检测方法主要有气相色谱法、 气相色谱-质谱联用法及高效液相色谱法等, 但上述方法存在前处理繁琐, 技术要求高, 灵敏度低和检测耗时长等缺点, 不利于塑化剂的快速检测。 拉曼光谱分析技术具有无需样品前处理、 检测速度快、 能反应分子指纹信息等特点, 可以对物质进行定性定量检测分析, 其中表面增强拉曼光谱分析技术作为拉曼光谱分析技术的分支, 具有超高灵敏度、 高选择性和非侵入性等优势, 突破了普通拉曼光谱分析技术固有低灵敏度的局限性, 可以获得普通拉曼光谱分析技术所不易得到的结构信息, 在塑化剂检测中逐渐发挥优势。 文章简述了拉曼光谱分析技术的原理, 概述了普通拉曼光谱分析技术在塑化剂光谱特征峰确认及较高浓度塑化剂检测中的应用, 以及表面增强拉曼光谱分析技术在低浓度塑化剂检测中的应用。 如今利用表面增强拉曼光谱分析技术检测塑化剂所用的基底基本都为金纳米和银纳米为主, 按表面增强拉曼光谱分析技术中所使用的基底种类(Au纳米粒子、 Ag纳米粒子、 Au@Ag纳米)分别综述了表面增强拉曼光谱分析技术在微量及痕量塑化剂检测中的研究进展。 最后, 指出了塑化剂拉曼光谱检测存在的问题, 并展望了今后的发展趋势, 以期为今后的塑化剂检测研究提供参考和解决思路。

The plasticizer is a kind of polymer material additive widely used in various fields of people's life and work, long-term or high concentration of exposure to human health has huge potential harm. Now plasticizer harm events occur frequently, and the detection of plasticizers has become a top priority. Currently, the main detection methods of plasticizers are gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. However, the above methods have disadvantages such as cumbersome pre-treatment, high technical requirements, low sensitivity and long detection time, which is not conducive to the rapid detection of plasticizer. Raman spectrum analysis technology has no sample preparation, fast detection and molecular fingerprint information and other characteristics, can respond to qualitative-quantitative analysis to determine the material, the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis technology asa branch of Raman spectrum analysis technology, has a high sensitivity, high selectivity and the advantages of the non-invasive, It breaks through the limitation of the inherent low sensitivity of ordinary Raman spectroscopy. It can obtain the structure information which is difficult to be obtained by ordinary Raman spectroscopy, which gradually plays an advantage in plasticizer detection. This paper briefly describes the principle of Raman spectrum analysis technology, summarizes the common Raman spectroscopy analysis technology in the plasticizer characteristic peak identification and quantitative test of the high content of plasticizer, and the application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in the detection of low-content plasticizers. Nowadays, the substrates used for plasticizer detection using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy are mainly gold and silver nanoparticles. In this paper, the research progress of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in trace and trace plasticizers is reviewed according to the types of substrates used in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (Au nanoparticles, Ag nanoparticles, Au@Ag nanoparticles). Finally, the existing problems in the detection of plasticizers by Raman spectroscopy are pointed out, and the development trend in the future has been prospected to provide reference and solutions for the study of plasticizer detection in the future.