光动力疗法是目前临床上出现的一种新型治疗肿瘤的方法, 利用光敏剂吸收可见-近红外光并在组织氧的参与下发生光化学反应, 产生活性氧物质进而诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡或坏死。光动力疗法对肿瘤侵袭性低, 具有较高的选择性和良好的患者依从性, 因此被广泛用于各种消化道恶性肿瘤的姑息性治疗和挽救性治疗。本文对近年来国内外应用光动力疗法治疗消化道肿瘤的文献进行综述, 对所报道的疾病类型、治疗病例数、光敏剂和光源、疗效和安全性等信息进行分类整理, 并对所面临的挑战和近期的研究进展进行了汇总, 以期全面和客观地了解光动力疗法在治疗消化道肿瘤中的应用和研究进展, 探讨目前的新应用及存在的问题和可能的发展方向。

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising therapeutic modality for tumor. It uses photosensitizer to absorb visible-near-infrared light, and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the participation of tissue oxygen, which induces apoptosis or necrosis of tumor cells. PDT is minimally invasive, has high selectivity for cancer, and has good patient compliance due to the simplicity of the procedure; therefore, PDT is widely used as a palliative and salvage treatment in patients with various gastrointestinal malignancies. This paper reviews the domestic and foreign literatures of the photodynamic therapy for gastrointestinal malignant neoplasms. The disease types, case numbers, photosensitizers used, follow-up dates, efficacy and safety were collected, the challenges and recent research progress were also summarized, in order to comprehensively and objectively understand the application and research progress of PDT in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, and explore the current new applications, existing problems and development prospects.