目前, 工业除尘滤袋的工作温度不高于280 ℃, 通常在过滤前需先将高温烟气进行降温处理。为了制备高效且耐温性良好的新型过滤材料, 本文以粉煤灰为主要原料, 以H2O2为发泡剂, 通过聚合反应制备了多孔地聚物, 并对其形貌、孔结构、抗折强度和过滤性能进行了表征。结果表明: H2O2的最佳添加量为0.98％(质量分数), 此时多孔地聚物下表面与内部的平均孔径分别为17.3和171.5 μm, 孔隙率为56.2％, 常温下抗折强度为2.2 MPa, 过滤阻力为6.2×10-3 MPa, 对PM10和PM2.5的过滤效率分别为98.2％和93.3％, 经800 ℃的热处理后, 抗折强度增加到3.4 MPa, 对PM10和PM2.5的过滤效率均保持在90％以上, 过滤阻力增加了1×10-3 MPa。因此, 以粉煤灰基多孔地聚物作为高温烟气过滤材料具有良好的应用前景。

At present, the working temperature of industrial dust removal filter bag is not higher than 280 ℃. The high temperature flue gas needs to be cooled before filtration. In order to prepare a new type of filter material with high efficiency and good temperature resistance, porous geopolymer was prepared by polymerization reaction with fly ash as the main raw material and H2O2 as foaming agent. The morphology, pore structure, flexural strength and filtration performance were characterized. The results show that the optimum addition of H2O2 is 0.98%(mass fraction). The average pore diameters of the lower surface and the interior of the porous geopolymer are 17.3 and 171.5 μm respectively, the porosity is 56.2%, the flexural strength at room temperature is 2.2 MPa, the filtration resistance is 6.2×10-3 MPa, and the filtration efficiency of PM10 and PM2.5 are 98.2% and 93.3%, respectively. After heat treatment at 800 ℃, the flexural strength increases to 3.4 MPa, and the filtration efficiency of PM10 and PM2.5 remains above 90%. The filtration resistance increases by 1×10-3 MPa. Therefore, the fly ash-based porous geopolymer has a good application prospect as a high-temperature flue gas filtration material.