Two innovative optical fiber cable layouts designed to improve strain measurement accuracy for Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA) sensors through improved strain transfer efficiency are presented and discussed. Swept Wavelength Interferometry (SWI) is used to experimentally evaluate their performance alongside analytical models and numerical simulation through Finite Element Method (FEM). The results show good agreement between the different methods and show that the second sensing cable design presents good features to minimize the mismatch between measured and actual strain. Finally, the strain response of both strain and temperature sensing cables of this design are evaluated, showing that their difference in response is reliable enough to allow temperature compensation.Two innovative optical fiber cable layouts designed to improve strain measurement accuracy for Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA) sensors through improved strain transfer efficiency are presented and discussed. Swept Wavelength Interferometry (SWI) is used to experimentally evaluate their performance alongside analytical models and numerical simulation through Finite Element Method (FEM). The results show good agreement between the different methods and show that the second sensing cable design presents good features to minimize the mismatch between measured and actual strain. Finally, the strain response of both strain and temperature sensing cables of this design are evaluated, showing that their difference in response is reliable enough to allow temperature compensation.

针对强电磁干扰环境下，压电、光电类脉搏波传感器易受干扰的缺点，提出一种柔性材料封装的光纤布拉格光栅脉搏波传感器，用于测量人体桡动脉脉搏信号。首先使用comsol有限元仿真软件，探究最优的封装厚度和光纤在基材中的位置。根据仿真结果，结合应变传递效果和传感器的灵活性，优化选择传感器厚度为5 mm，光纤封装在距离基体下表面1 mm处。以此制作了柔性光纤布拉格光栅脉搏波传感器，对十名测试者的人体桡动脉脉搏进行采集，采用改进的阈值小波方法去噪，去噪后的信号能很好的保留脉搏波信号的特征点，信噪比均达到了40以上，且峰值点、潮波点和重搏波点识别率分别达到100%，100%和90%。本文设计的柔性基体FBG脉搏波传感器能有效获取及识别脉搏波信号，为进一步的应用提供了理论基础及应用支撑。

采用3D打印方法开发光纤光栅应变传感器，建立裸光纤光栅传感器、3D打印封装层、被测基体三者之间的应变耦合传递的分离式模型，推导光纤光栅传感器与被测基体的应变传递关系，分析夹持式3D打印光纤光栅应变传感器应变传递率的影响因素，包括封装层弹性模量、封装层厚度、黏结长度。研究结果表明平均应变传递率与封装层弹性模量和黏结长度呈正相关，与封装层厚度呈负相关。研究成果对夹持式光纤光栅应变测量、误差修正和传感器设计，以及3D打印技术封装光纤布拉格光栅的可行性具有参考意义。

为提高浮空器气囊蒙皮形变光纤布拉格光栅监测的应变传递效率，研究了柔性复合蒙皮光纤光栅应变传递特性。针对柔性复合蒙皮材料结构特征，建立了“光纤光栅—粘贴层—蒙皮结构”三层应变传递模型，推导出应变传递变化函数，通过解析方法和有限元方法对光纤光栅传感器各点应变传递率进行了计算，并分析了粘贴层及蒙皮结构相关参数对应变传递率的影响，得出表面粘贴式光纤光栅传感结构最佳封装参数。研究结果表明，对于传感器中部的应变传递效率，解析和数值方法计算误差小于5%，当粘贴层弹性模量为0.5 GPa、粘贴长度为40 mm、粘贴宽度为6 mm、上下粘贴层厚度分别为0.2 mm和0.1 mm时，光纤光栅应变传递模型封装参数优化后的应变传递率可达97.04%，可满足浮空器气囊形变监测的灵敏度要求。