超短激光脉冲的出现为人们研究原子分子内电子的超快动力学过程提供了重要的技术手段。强激光诱导原子分子的光电离过程是光诱导物理过程的基石，也是目前强场物理领域的前沿热点之一。本文重点综述了双波长圆偏振光场中分子电离动力学的研究进展。首先，介绍了研究强场分子电离动力学的半经典模型，给出了电离电子波包的相位和振幅分布。然后，介绍了利用双波长圆偏振光场测量H₂分子和CO分子的电离动力学的研究，发现电离电子的振幅结构以及隧穿后电子受到的长程库仑势都会影响电子的动力学过程。此外，电子波包的相位结构也会包含在光电子的发射角中，这个初始相位编码了电子吸收光子而电离过程中的时域信息。最后，对新型阿秒钟在分子光电离过程中的应用进行了总结，并展望了未来复杂分子体系的应用前景。

通过求解含时薛定谔方程的数值方法，研究了不同分子构型的平面分子H32+的高次谐波产生，结果表明：奇偶谐波同时释放，且奇偶谐波的相对产量对取向角和分子构型都很灵敏。基于上述结果，提出了利用奇偶高次谐波谱探测原子核位置的简单方法，从而可以通过奇偶高次谐波谱重构取向不对称平面分子的键长和键角，同时利用高次谐波谱为阿秒尺度探测多中心分子结构提供帮助。

本文结合TOF法和吸收光谱测量技术,利用连续光场测定了锶原子亚稳态能级的寿命。实验中,利用689 nm激光连续泵浦基态锶原子至5s5p3P1亚稳态能级,然后在距泵浦区域不同距离处观测处于5s5p3P1态的原子对688 nm探测光的吸收强度,得到锶原子5s5p3P1态的能级寿命,我们利用TOF法实验得到的能级寿命为21.9±0.8 μs。本文给出的方法具备实验装置简单的优点,同时可获得较高的测量精度。

提出了采用单束平面光波照射圆孔与二元相位板组合系统产生蓝失谐空心光阱的新方案,分析了空心光阱的光强分布和相应的光学囚禁势分布与相位板相位值φ的关系,并导出了光阱的几何参量与光学系统参量间的解析关系。研究发现,通过二元相位板的相位调制作用可改善空心光阱的光强分布,产生具有更大囚禁体积和更高有效光强的空心光阱。当用功率100 W波长540 nm的倍频掺镱光纤激光照射圆孔与π相位板组合系统时,对87Rb原子的光学囚禁势可达80.2 μK,该方案不仅装置简单可行,操作方便,而且在冷原子分子物理、原子分子囚禁和生命科学领域,有着广阔的应用前景。

Considering the perturbation, the results of theoretical calculation of five Rydberg series energy levels 6s2ns2S1/2(n=7-20),6s2nd2D3/2(n6-20),6s2nd2D5/2(n=6-20),6s2np2P^(0)_(1/2)(n=7-20), and 6s2np2P^(0)_(3/2)(n7-20) for Tl I are presented using the weakest bound electron potential model (WBEPM) theory. Furthermore, the radiative lifetimes of this five series are also calculated. The calculated values of energy levels and lifetimes are in good agreement with the experimental results.

The mechanisms of multiphoton ionization (MPI) and dissociation of CH3I have been studied using time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer at 266 and 355 nm. MPI mass spectrum at 266 nm consists mostly of fragment ions. This is consistent with a neutral-fragment photoionization mechanism in which rapid one-photon dissociation occurs from the repulsive potential energy surface followed by MPI of neutral photofragments. The observation of parent ions at 355-nm excitation is indicative of parent-ionic ladder mechanism in which the parent ions are produced directly by two-photon excitation resonantly excited to Rydberg C state and then ionized through additional one-photon absorption to produce CH3I+. Fragment ions are produced by dissociation of CH3I+.

Using Gutzwiller's periodic orbit theory, we study the quantum level density of a spherical billiard in the presence of a magnetic flux line added at its center, especially discuss the influence of the magnetic flux strength on the quantum level density. The Fourier transformed quantum level density of this system has allowed direct comparison between peaks in the level density and the length of the periodic orbits. For particular magnetic flux strength, the amplitude of the peaks in the level density decreased and some of the peaks disappeared. This result suggests that Aharonov-Bohm effect manifests itself through the cancellation of periodic orbits. This phenomenon will provide a new experimental testing ground for exploring Aharonov-Bohm effect.

The multi-reference configuration interaction (MRCI) electronic energy calculations have been carried out on the ground state (X1'Sigma') as well as three low-lying excited states (3'Sigma', 1'Pi', 3'Pi') of ZnCd dimer. Potential energy curves (PECs) are therefore generated and fitted to the analytical potential energy functions (APEFs) using the Murrel-Sorbie (MS) potential function. Based on the PECs, the vibrational levels of each state are determined by solving Schrodinger equation of nuclear motion, and corresponding spectroscopic parameters are accurately calculated using the APEFs. The present values of spectroscopic parameters including equilibrium positions and dissociation energies are compared with other theoretical reports available at present.

We propose some new schemes to constitute two-dimensional (2D) array of multi-well optical dipole traps for cold atoms (or molecules) by using an optical system consisting of a binary 'pi'-phase grating and a 2D array of rectangle microlens. We calculate the intensity distribution of each optical well in 2D array of multi-well traps and its geometric parameters and so on. The proposed 2D array of multi-well traps can be used to form novel 2D optical lattices with cold atoms (or molecules), and form various novel optical crystals with cold atoms (or molecules), or to perform quantum computing and quantum information processing on an atom chip, even to realize an array of all-optical multi-well atomic (or molecular) Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) on an all-optical integrated atom (or molecule) chip.