量子电子学报, 2014, 31 (1): 1, 网络出版: 2014-02-26   

应用于极紫外光刻系统多层膜的研究进展

Recent advances in multilayer coatings for extreme ultraviolet lithography
作者单位
中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所, 安徽省光子器件与材料重点实验室, 安徽 合肥 230031
摘要
极紫外光刻是采用波长为13.5 nm的极紫外光作为光源,实现半导体集成电路工艺22 nm以及更 窄线宽节点的主要候选光刻技术。性能优越稳定的多层膜技术是构建整个极紫外光刻系统的重要技术之一。 从高反射率、波长匹配、控制面形以及稳定性和寿命方面总结了极紫外光刻系统中多层膜的性能要求和 最新的研究进展,叙述了制备高性能多层膜的方法和沉积设备,讨论了多层膜制备技术存在的问题和发展的方向。
Abstract
Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) has become the key candidate of lithography tools to manufacture devices at the 22 nm node and beyond of semiconductor integrated circuit, which makes use of the extreme ultraviolet rays with 13.5 nm wavelength as the light source. It is one of approaches to construct a normal incidence optical system by using the excellent performance multilayer coatings. A review was given of the specification of the coatings for EUVL and the recent progress in multilayered systems. The key deposition methods and equipments that produce such coatings were discussed. Furthermore, in terms of high reflectance, wavelength matching, profile matching, life and stability, it also concludes the problems existed in the preparation technologies of the multilayered systems and the future development direction.
参考文献

[1] Wu Wenjuan. The Study of Extreme Ultraviolet and Soft X-ray Narrowband Multilayers (极紫外和软X射线窄带多层膜的研究) [D]. Shanghai: Doctorial Dissertation of Tongji University, 2007 (in Chinese).

[2] SPILLER E. Soft X-ray Optics [M]. Bellingham: SPIE Optical Engineering Press, 1994.

[3] SPILLER E. High performance multilayer coatings for EUV lithography [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 2004, 5193: 89-97.

[4] Claude Montcalm, Frederick Grabner R, Hudyma Russell M, et al. Atomic-precision multilayer coating of the first set of optics for an extreme-ultraviolet lithography prototype system [J]. Appl. Opt., 2002, 41(16): 3262-3269.

[5] Louis E, Van Hattum E D, van der WESTERN S A. High reflectance multilayers for EUVL HVM-projection optics [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 2010, 7636: 76362T-1-5.

[6] Bajt S, Alameda J B, Barbee Jr T W, et al. Improved reflectance and stability of Mo-Si multilayers [J]. Opt. Eng., 2002, 41(8): 1797-1804.

[7] de Rooij-Lohmann V, Yakshin A E, van de Kruijs R W E, et al. Enhanced diffusion upon amorphous-to-nanocrystalline phase transition in Mo/B4 C/Si layered systems [J]. J. Appl. Phys., 2010, 108(1): 014314-1-5.

[8] Bruijn S, van de Kruijs R W E, Yakshin A E, et al. Thermally induced decomposition of B4 C barrier layers in Mo/Si multilayer structures [J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2010, 205(7): 2469-2473.

[9] Bruijn S, van de Kruijs R W E, Yakshin A E, et al. Ion assisted growth of B4 C diffusion barrier layers in Mo/Si multilayered structures [J]. J. Appl. Phys., 2012, 111(6): 064303-1-5.

[10] Louis E, Yakshin A E, Tsarfati T, et al. Nanometer interface and materials control for multilayer EUV-optical applications [J]. Progress in Surface Science, 2011, 8(11-12): 255-294.

[11] Yamaguchi T, Ikuta H, Tomofuji T, et al. Reflective properties of Mo/Si multilayer for EUV lithography deposited by the magnetron sputtering device with superconducting bulk magnets [C]. Physica C-Superconductivity and Its Applications, 2008, 468(15-20): 2170-2173.

[12] Feigl T, Yulin S, et al. Enhanced reflectivity and stability of high-temperature LPP collector mirrors [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 2008, 7077: 70771W-1-8.

[13] Folta J A, Bajt S, Barbee Jr T W, et al. Advances in multilayer reflective coatings for extreme-ultraviolet lithography [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 1999, 3676: 702-709.

[14] Shiraishi M, Ishiyama W, Ohsino, T, et al. Low-stress molybdenum/silicon multilayer coatings for extreme ultraviolet lithography [J]. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2000, 39(12B): 6810-6814.

[15] Moss M, BottgerT, Braun S, et al. Stress compensation of a Mo/Si/C highly reflective multilayer by means of an optimised buffer layer and heat treatment [J]. Thin Solid Films, 2004, 468(1-2): 322-331.

[16] Yakshin A E, van de Kruijs R W E, Nedelcu I, et al. Enhanced reflectance of interface engineered Mo/Si multilayers produced by thermal particle deposition [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 2007, 6517: 651701-1-9.

[17] Zhu Jingtao, Huang Qiushi, Bai Liang, et al. Manufacture and measurement of SiC/Mg EUV multilayer mirrors in different base pressures [J]. Optics and Precision Engineering (光学 精密工程), 2009, 17(12): 2946-2951 (in Chinese).

[18] Wang Zhanshan, Ma Yueying. Researches on extreme ultraviolet multilayers fabrication [J]. Optical Technique (光学技术), 2001, 27(6): 532-534 (in Chinese).

[19] Tu Yuchun, Song Zhuqing, Huang Qiushi, et al. Fabrication of laterally graded periodic Mo/Si multilayer using magnetron sputtering technology [J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams (强激光与粒子束), 2011, 23(9): 2419-2422 (in Chinese).

[20] Xu Da, Zhu Jingtao, Zhang Zhong, et al. Design of capping layers on Mo/Si multilayer [J]. Aata Photonica Sinica (光子学报), 2009, 38(1): 160-164 (in Chinese).

[21] Yang Xiong.Investigation on Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography Mask (极紫外投影光刻掩膜若干问题研究)[D]. Changchun: Doctorial Dissertation of Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2005 (in Chinese).

[22] Zhang Lichao. Multilayer grating technologies for EUV [J]. OME Information (光机电信息), 28(8): 5-11 (in Chinese).

[23] Wang Hongchang, Wang Zhanshan, Li Fosheng, et al. Analysis of the reflective performance of EUV multilayer under the influence of capping layer [J]. Acta Physica Sinica (物理学报), 2005, 53(7): 2368-2372 (in Chinese).

[24] Lin Bing. Study on Thickness Distribution Uniformity Control of Soft X-ray Multilayer Mirrors (射线多层膜膜厚分布均匀性控制研究)[D]. Changchun: Master Thesis of Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Siences, 2002 (in Chinese).

[25] Qin Juning, Shao Jianda, Yi Kui. Mo/Si multilayers prepared with different sputtering power of Mo target [J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams (强激光与粒子束), 2007, 19(1): 67-70 (in Chinese).

[26] Yu Bo. Structural characterization of Mo/Si multilayer by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction [J]. Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics (中国光学与应用光学), 2010, 3(6): 623-629 (in Chinese).

[27] Yu Bo, Li Chun, Jin Chunshui. Diffusion coefficient measurement by grazing incidence X-ray reflection in a Mo/Si multilayer [J]. Chinese Journal of Laser (中国激光), 2011, 38(11): 214-219 (in Chinese).

[28] Zhan Pingping, Liu Weiguo. Proceedings of EUV lithography [J]. Science & Technology Information (科技信息), 2011, 21: 44, 418 (in Chinese).

[29] Lowisch M, Kuerz P, Mann H J, et al. Optics for EUV production [C]. Proceedings of SPIE-the International Society for Optical Engineering, 2010, 763603-1-11.

[30] Nedelcu I, van de Kruijs R W E, Yakshin A E, et al. Microstructure of Mo/Si multilayers with B4 C diffusion barrier layers [J]. Appl. Opt., 2009, 48(2): 155-160.

[31] Soufli R, Hudyma R M, Spiller E, et al. Sub-diffraction-limited multilayer coatings for the 0.3 numerical aperture micro-exposure tool for extreme ultraviolet lithography [J]. Appl. Opt., 2007, 4(18): 3736-3746.

[32] Zhu Yadan, Fang Ming, Yi Kui. Precise control of thickness uniformity in Mo/Si soft X-ray multilayer [J]. Acta Optica Sinica (光学学报), 2011, 11: 050 (in Chinese).

[33] Montcalm C, Spiller E, Weber F J. Multilayer coating and test of the optics for two new 10X microstepper extreme-ultraviolet lithography cameras [J]. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, 2001, 19(4): 1219-1228.

[34] Zoethout E, Sipos G, et al. Stress mitigation in Mo/Si multilayers for EUV lithography [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 2003, 5037: 872-878.

[35] Mirkarimi P B. Stress, reflectance, and temporal stability of sputter-deposited Mo/Si and Mo/Be multilayer films for extreme ultraviolet lithography [J]. Opt. Eng., 1999, 38(7): 1246-1259.

[36] Freitag J M, et al. Stress evolution in Mo/Si multilayers for high-reflectivity extreme ultraviolet mirrors [J]. Appl. Phys. Lett., 1998, 73(1): 43-45.

[37] Louis E, Yakshin A E, Goerts P C, et al. Progress in Mo/Si multilayer coating technology for EUVL optics [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 2000: 406-411.

[38] Bozorg-Grayeli E, Li Z, Asheghi M, et al. Thermal conduction properties of Mo/Si multilayers for extreme ultraviolet optics [J]. J. Appl. Phys., 2012, 112(8): 083504-083504-7.

[39] Yulin S, Benoit N, Feigl T, et al. Interface-Engineered EUV multilayer mirrors [J]. Microelectronic Engineering, 2006, 83(4): 692-694.

[40] Benoit N, Yulin S, Feigl T, et al. EUV multilayer mirrors with enhanced stability [C]. Optics & Photonics International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2006: 63170K-63170K-9.

[41] Feigl T, Lauth H, Yulin S, et al. Heat resistance of EUV multilayer mirrors for long-time applications [J]. Microelectronic Engineerings, 2000, 57-58: 3-8.

[42] Bajt S, Stearns D G. High-temperature stability multilayers for extreme-ultraviolet condenser optics [J]. Appl. Opt., 2005, 44(36): 7735-7743.

[43] Xu Da, Zhu Jingtao, Zhang Zhong, et al. Design of capping layers on Mo/Si multilayer [J]. Acta Photonica Sinica (光子学报), 2009, 38(1): 160-164 (in Chinese).

[44] Oestreich S, Klein R, Scholze F, et al. Multilayer reflectance during exposure to EUV radiation [C]. International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2000: 64-71.

[45] Koster N, Mertens B, et al. Molecular contamination mitigation in EUVL by environmental control [C]. Microelectronic Engineerings, 2002, 61-62: 65-76.

[46] Malykhin E M, Lopaev D V, Rakhimov A T, et al. Plasma cleaning of multilayer mirrors in EUV lithography from amorphous carbon contaminations [J]. Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 2011, 6(2): 184-189.

[47] Braginsky O V, Kovalev A S, Lopaev D V, et al. Removal of amorphous C and Sn on Mo: Si multilayer mirror surface in hydrogen plasma and afterglow [J]. J. Appl. Phys., 2012, 111(9): 093304-093304-4.

[48] Benoit N, Schr der S, Yulin S, et al. Extreme-ultraviolet-induced oxidation of Mo/Si multilayers [J]. Appl. Opt., 2008, 47(19): 3455-3462.

[49] Bajt S, Edwards N V, Madey T E. Properties of ultrathin films appropriate for optics capping layers exposed to high energy photon irradiation [J]. Surface Science Reports, 2008, 63(2): 73-99.

[50] Yulin S, Benoit N, Feigl T, et al. Mo/Si multilayers with enhanced TiO2 -and RuO2 -capping layers [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 2008, 6921: 692118.

[51] Bajt S, Chapman H N, et al. Design and performance of capping layers for EUV multilayer mirrors [C]. Microlithography 2003, International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2003: 236-248.

[52] Park J Y, Belau L, Seo H, et al. Improved oxidation resistance of Ru/Si capping layer for extreme ultraviolet lithography reflector [J]. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, 2011, 29(4): 041602-041602-5.

[53] Ziegler E, Peverini L, Vaxelaire N, et al. Evolution of surface roughness in silicon X-ray mirrors exposed to a low-energy ion beam [J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2010, 61(2): 188-192.

[54] Eriksson F, Ghafoor N, Sch fers F, et al. Atomic scale interface engineering by modulated ion-assisted deposition applied to soft X-ray multilayer optics [J]. Appl. Opt., 2008, 47(23): 4196-4204.

[55] Soufli R, Spiller E A, Schmidt M A, et al. Multilayer optics for an extreme ultraviolet lithography tool with 70 nm resolution [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 2001, 4343: 51-59.

[56] Louis E, Zoethout E, et al. Multilayer coatings for the EUVL process development tool [J]. Proc. of SPIE, 2005, 5751: 1170-1177.

[57] Kearney P A, Moore C E, Tan S I, et al. Mask blanks for extreme ultraviolet lithography: Ion beam sputter deposition of low defect density Mo/Si multilayers [J]. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, 1997, 15(6): 2452-2454.

[58] Spiller E, Baker S L, Mirkarimi P B, et al. High-performance Mo-Si multilayer coatings for extreme-ultraviolet lithography by ion-beam deposition [J]. Appl. Opt., 2003, 42(19): 4049-4058.

秦娟娟, 董伟伟, 周曙, 游利兵, 方晓东. 应用于极紫外光刻系统多层膜的研究进展[J]. 量子电子学报, 2014, 31(1): 1. QIN Juan-juan, DONG Wei-wei, ZHOU Shu, YOU Li-bing, FANG Xiao-dong. Recent advances in multilayer coatings for extreme ultraviolet lithography[J]. Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2014, 31(1): 1.

本文已被 3 篇论文引用
被引统计数据来源于中国光学期刊网
引用该论文: TXT   |   EndNote

相关论文

加载中...

关于本站 Cookie 的使用提示

中国光学期刊网使用基于 cookie 的技术来更好地为您提供各项服务,点击此处了解我们的隐私策略。 如您需继续使用本网站,请您授权我们使用本地 cookie 来保存部分信息。
全站搜索
您最值得信赖的光电行业旗舰网络服务平台!