为实现不同尺寸微粒的高效分离，提出一种三角形截面微流道的惯性微流控芯片，研究了微粒在流道中的聚焦与分离特性。首先，设计一种直角三角形截面结构的螺旋流道，采用精密微铣削工艺加工了流道的铝材模具，利用倒模与等离子清洗键合工艺制备微流控芯片。接着，配制三种尺寸（6 μm，10 μm和15 μm）的荧光微粒悬浮液，利用高速摄像机和荧光显微镜拍摄粒子在流道中的运动轨迹，观测不同悬浮液流量时微粒的聚焦效果。最后，对微粒聚焦轨迹图像进行堆叠分析，研究微粒的惯性聚焦与分离行为。结果表明：随着悬浮液流量的增大，6 μm粒子逐渐聚焦并向流道外壁面迁移，而10 μm和15 μm聚焦粒子束则向流道中心迁移。当悬浮液流量为1.5 mL/min时，6 μm和15 μm混合粒子实现了100%精确分离。研究结果表明，三角形截面螺旋流道可产生强偏置二次流，使不同尺寸微粒实现高效、精确分离，为细胞精准操控提供了一种新的技术手段。

A critical function of flow cytometry is to count the concentration of blood cells, which helps in the diagnosis of certain diseases. However, the bulky nature of commercial flow cytometers makes such tests only available in hospitals or laboratories, hindering the spread of point-of-care testing (POCT), especially in underdeveloped areas. Here, we propose a smart Palm-size Optofluidic Hematology Analyzer based on a miniature fluorescence microscope and a microfluidic platform to lighten the device to improve its portability. This gadget has a dimension of 35 × 30 × 80 mm and a mass of 39 g, less than 5% of the weight of commercially available flow cytometers. Additionally, automatic leukocyte concentration detection has been realized through the integration of image processing and leukocyte counting algorithms. We compared the leukocyte concentration measurement between our approach and a hemocytometer using the Passing-Bablok analysis and achieved a correlation coefficient of 0.979. Through Bland-Altman analysis, we obtained the relationship between their differences and mean measurement values and established 95% limits of agreement, ranging from ?0.93×10³ to 0.94×10³ cells/μL. We anticipate that this device can be used widely for monitoring and treating diseases such as HIV and tumors beyond hospitals.

为了在雷诺数条件不定的小尺寸的芯片内部集成高效的混合功能，根据菲克定律和布朗运动的爱因斯坦关系式提出了一种通过匹配接触面提高浓度差的策略来设计微混合器，对科恩达效应进行了扩展，分析了流体在通道表面的流动方向，从特定微通道模块中抽象出4种具体功能。通过模块的功能来预测和调控浓度梯度并构建微混合器。使用4种功能模块来旋转并匹配流体界面，设计了两种三维结构的被动式微混合器。采用三维Navier-Stokes方程组进行了数值分析，并通过软光刻工艺制作微混合器进行了实验验证。实验和仿真结果表明，在雷诺数为0.1~100内，设计的微混合器在3.3 mm，即22倍水力直径长度处能稳定提供94%~99%的混合效率，在等水力直径条件下具有明显的优势，而且结构易于在芯片上集成，证明了模块化设计的优越性。

流式细胞显微图像分析法是水体浮游藻类自动鉴别的重要发展方向，快速进样条件下细胞显微图像将产生形变，影响浮游藻类自动鉴别准确率。本文基于搭建的浮游藻类微流控-显微成像实验系统，通过对不同进样流速下藻类细胞显微形变和图像清晰度的分析，研究了流速对显微成像形变的影响规律。分析基于卷帘快门拍摄运动物体产生形变原理，提出了单向偏移像素的图像形变校正方法，并与藻类细胞静态条件下获取的图像进行了对比分析。实验结果表明：静态条件下，湖生卵囊藻细胞的图像长宽比及清晰度均值分别为1.16和116.53；动态进样过程中，随着流速增大细胞图像形变（长宽比）逐渐增大、清晰度降低；95 µL/min进样流速下，校正前后细胞图像长宽比均值分别为1.35和1.26，形变离散程度由校正前的0.33降至0.1，与静态细胞形态接近且校正前后图像清晰度基本不变。本文研究结果为提升水体浮游藻类细胞自动鉴别准确率提供了依据。

液晶高分子是同时具有液晶各向异性和高分子力学特性的功能高分子。在液晶高分子中引入具有光化学异构化或者光热响应的结构单元，可以使其在光或者热刺激下发生相转变，引发宏观形状变化。通过一步或两步的取向方法可以对液晶高分子中液晶基元的取向方向进行调控，实现材料的变形编程。液晶高分子形态上的变化在仿生软机器人、微流控、柔性执行器、结构色和防伪等领域有潜在的应用价值。本文介绍了液晶高分子主要的取向技术和开发出的基于形状变化的器件功能，并展望了液晶高分子形变材料在高新科技领域的应用前景。

The Microchip Imaging Cytometer (MIC) is a class of integrated point-of-care detection systems based on the combination of optical microscopy and flow cytometry. MIC devices have the attributes of portability, cost-effectiveness, and adaptability while providing quantitative measurements to meet the needs of laboratory testing in a variety of healthcare settings. Based on the use of microfluidic chips, MIC requires less sample and can complete sample preparation automatically. Therefore, they can provide quantitative testing results simply using a finger prick specimen. The decreased reagent consumption and reduced form factor also help improve the accessibility and affordability of healthcare services in remote and resource-limited settings. In this article, we review recent developments of the Microchip Imaging Cytometer from the following aspects: clinical applications, microfluidic chip integration, imaging optics, and image acquisition. Following, we provide an outlook of the field and remark on promising technologies that may enable significant progress in the near future.The Microchip Imaging Cytometer (MIC) is a class of integrated point-of-care detection systems based on the combination of optical microscopy and flow cytometry. MIC devices have the attributes of portability, cost-effectiveness, and adaptability while providing quantitative measurements to meet the needs of laboratory testing in a variety of healthcare settings. Based on the use of microfluidic chips, MIC requires less sample and can complete sample preparation automatically. Therefore, they can provide quantitative testing results simply using a finger prick specimen. The decreased reagent consumption and reduced form factor also help improve the accessibility and affordability of healthcare services in remote and resource-limited settings. In this article, we review recent developments of the Microchip Imaging Cytometer from the following aspects: clinical applications, microfluidic chip integration, imaging optics, and image acquisition. Following, we provide an outlook of the field and remark on promising technologies that may enable significant progress in the near future.

为了研究向列相液晶微流体在不同界面限制内拓扑缺陷的产生与演化，制备了不同表面锚定条件的微通道。通过采用不同表面特性的基板与聚二甲基硅氧烷制备的结构层键合，并合理利用氧等离子体对通道内壁化学特性的改变，最终制备出3种不同表面锚定条件的微流体通道。观察向列相液晶在其中的流动，总结了不同类型拓扑缺陷的出现规律。实验结果表明：平面取向的微通道内液晶分子排列连续，不会出现明显的缺陷结构。混合取向的微通道在界面锚定之间的竞争作用下，会在上表面附近形成稳定的相错线，相错线的数量与微通道的宽深比相关。正常情况下，垂直取向的微通道内指向场的变化具有良好的连续性，通过控制流速突变产生回流可以有效破坏微通道内指向场的连续性，从而产生动态的拓扑缺陷。缺陷的数量与流速相关。当流速恒定时，缺陷结构会维持短暂的动态平衡，随后会在通道内产生规律的波动。