回顾了国外军队装备的四代光电瞄准吊舱的技术特点和发展历程，定义了光学口径和吊舱舱径之比（光舱比）作为衡量集成度的标准，重点针对第三代的Sniper XR ATP和ATFLIR两型采用共光路串联布局吊舱的探测系统进行了分析和正向设计：二者均拥有Φ150 mm口径，约1.5°×1.5°视场，在0.7~0.9 μm和3.7~4.8 μm波段的传递函数接近衍射限，前者为透射式前置望远系统，后者为离轴三反式前置望远系统，二者的结构布局为：前置望远系统置于吊舱前部压缩光束，通过光学铰链和快反镜将光束导入吊舱中，部分光进入各自的探测通道或激光发射通道。其中，类ATP的透射式前置望远系统可在汇聚光路中折叠形成俯仰/方位正交轴系并置于305 mm舱径内，光舱比约0.492；类ATFLIR的离轴三反式前置望远系统可在压缩后的平行光路中折叠形成方位/俯仰两个正交轴系并置于Φ330 mm的球体内，光舱比约0.455。作为对比，采用共光舱并联布局的第四代Litening 5和Talios吊舱探测系统将所有光学载荷和伺服框架平台置于吊舱前部的Φ406 mm球体内，光舱比约0.37，其并联共光舱设计架构的集成度较低。针对未来可能的升级要求，类ATFLIR吊舱比ATP吊舱具有更强的生命力，其采用纯反射式的前置望远系统可以更方便地增加波段和拓展功能。

Quantum random access codes (QRACs) are important communication tasks that are usually implemented in prepare-and-measure scenarios. The receiver tries to retrieve one arbitrarily chosen bit of the original bit-string from the code qubit sent by the sender. In this Letter, we analyze in detail the sequential version of the 3→1 QRAC with two receivers. The average successful probability for the strategy of unsharp measurement is derived. The prepare-and-measure strategy within projective measurement is also discussed. It is found that sequential 3→1 QRAC with weak measurement cannot be always superior to the one with projective measurement, as the 2→1 version can be.

Nonlocal correlations observed from entangled quantum particles imply the existence of intrinsic randomness. Normally, locally projective measurements performed on a two-qubit entangled state can only certify one-bit randomness at most, while non-projective measurement can certify more randomness with the same quantum resources. In this Letter, we carry out an experimental investigation on quantum randomness certification through a symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measurement, which in principle can certify the maximum randomness through an entangled qubit. We observe the quantum nonlocal correlations that are close to the theoretical values. In the future, this work can provide a valuable reference for the research on the limit of randomness certification.