Mn离子掺杂策略被广泛用于提高CsPbX₃钙钛矿纳米晶（Nanocrystals，NCs）的稳定性和调控Pb的含量，但离子掺杂反应速率极快，不易控制。本文分别采用一步和两步热注射法对Mn²⁺的掺杂含量进行大范围和精确调控，制备出具有不同Mn²⁺掺杂含量的CsPbCl₃∶Mn²⁺ NCs。通过对其结构及发光性能的研究，将其区分为合金结构和掺杂结构，并进一步揭示了一步法和两步法进行Mn²⁺调控时的不同机制，明确了在相同Pb∶Mn投料比的情况下，一步法合成的合金结构纳米晶具有更高的Mn²⁺掺杂量，使得纳米晶在610 nm左右与Mn相关的发射峰更为强烈，最高光致发光量子产为77%，而两步法合成的掺杂结构纳米晶在较少的Mn²⁺情况下同样具有较高的光致发光量子产率。同时，Mn²⁺的可控掺杂使得钙钛矿纳米晶的稳定性有效提升，放置四周后形貌和发光性能仍稳定。值得注意的是，合金结构对于本征激子发光稳定性的提升比掺杂结构更加有利。此外，还合成了具有优异发光性能的CsPb（Cl_xBr_3-x）∶Mn²⁺钙钛矿纳米晶，其荧光光谱可在404～640 nm之间调控；但当Br^-含量较高时，与Mn相关的发射峰消失，这是由于CsPbBr₃的能带与Mn²⁺的⁴T₁-⁶A₁能级不匹配所致。本文强调了在CsPbCl₃∶Mn²⁺钙钛矿制备过程中Mn²⁺可控掺杂的重要性，对于实现纳米晶的可控合成具有重要意义。

偏振是光的固有自由度，偏振探测提供了光强和波长之外的更多丰富信息。红外偏振探测器在成像、通信、遥感和宇宙学等众多应用中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，传统的偏振检测系统体积庞大、系统复杂，阻碍了偏振探测的小型化和集成化。近来，片上红外偏振探测器的发展引起了广泛的研究兴趣。本文将重点介绍片上红外偏振探测器的两个前沿研究领域：偏振敏感材料和偏振选择性光耦合结构集成的红外偏振探测器，主要讨论片上红外偏振探测器的研究现状以及未来的挑战和机遇。

在卤族钙钛矿材料的缺陷研究中, 密度泛函理论计算发挥着重要作用。传统的半局域泛函(如PBE)虽然能够得到与实验接近的禁带宽度, 但是已有研究表明其不能准确描述材料的带边位置。采用更准确的杂化泛函, 结合自旋轨道耦合(SOC)效应与充分的结构优化开展缺陷研究十分必要。可以选择两种杂化泛函, 即屏蔽的杂化泛函HSE和非屏蔽的杂化泛函PBE0。本研究以正交相CsPbI₃为例, 系统比较了两种方法在缺陷性质计算上的差异。计算结果表明, 对于体相性质, 两种杂化泛函并无明显的差别。但是, 对于缺陷性质, 两种泛函出现定性的差别。HSE计算中预测的浅能级缺陷, 在PBE0计算中大部分变为深能级缺陷, 且缺陷转变能级和Kohn-Sham能级均出现定性差别。上述差别的本质在于, Hartree-Fock交换势具有长程作用特征, 因而普通的杂化泛函如PBE0在计算量允许的超胞尺寸上无法得到收敛的结果, 而HSE对上述交换势具有屏蔽作用, 可采用相对小尺寸的超胞得到收敛的缺陷能级。本研究结果表明, 尽管HSE杂化泛函需要较大的Hartree-Fock混合参数(约0.43), 其仍是准确计算卤族钙钛矿缺陷性质的有效方法。

近年来, 有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池以其优异的性能和低廉的制造成本受到了广泛关注。然而, 其含有铅元素的毒性以及稳定性阻碍了进一步商业化应用。双钙钛矿材料Cs₂AgBiBr₆具有稳定性优异、毒性低、载流子寿命长和载流子有效质量小的优势, 是一种颇具潜力的光伏材料, 已被应用于太阳能电池并展现出良好的性能。但是Cs₂AgBiBr₆钙钛矿太阳能电池的光电转换效率还无法与有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池相媲美, 发展仍面临诸多挑战。本文首先介绍了Cs₂AgBiBr₆的晶体结构及容忍因子等结构参数; 然后介绍了溶液法、反溶剂辅助成膜法、气相法、真空辅助成膜法以及喷涂法等薄膜制备工艺的进展, 评述了各种薄膜制备工艺的优缺点; 接着从元素掺杂、添加剂工程及界面工程(界面能级匹配和界面缺陷钝化)三方面介绍了Cs₂AgBiBr₆钙钛矿太阳能电池的性能优化策略, 结合近年来的研究进展进行了评述; 最后指出Cs₂AgBiBr₆钙钛矿太阳能电池面临的挑战, 并从前驱体溶剂工程、带隙工程以及器件降解机理三方面展望了未来研究方向。

Organic-inorganic halides perovskites (OHPs) have drawn the attention of many researchers owing to their astonishing and unique optoelectronic properties. They have been extensively used for photovoltaic applications, achieving higher than 26% power conversion efficiency to date. These materials have potential to be deployed for many other applications beyond photovoltaics like photodetectors, sensors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and resistors. To address the looming challenge of Moore's law and the Von Neumann bottleneck, many new technologies regarding the computation of architectures and storage of information are being extensively researched. Since the discovery of the memristor as a fourth component of the circuit, many materials are explored for memristive applications. Lately, researchers have advanced the exploration of OHPs for memristive applications. These materials possess promising memristive properties and various kinds of halide perovskites have been used for different applications that are not only limited to data storage but expand towards artificial synapses, and neuromorphic computing. Herein we summarize the recent advancements of OHPs for memristive applications, their unique electronic properties, fabrication of materials, and current progress in this field with some future perspectives and outlooks.

当前，有机和钙钛矿材料在发光显示和太阳能电池等领域得到了广泛的应用。为了更好地深入研究这些材料的特性和优化其性能，研究人员需要对它们的激发态动力学过程进行充分的了解。为此，利用磁?光?电综合手段成为了研究这些材料的重要方法之一。通过这些手段，可以对有机和钙钛矿材料的激发态动力学过程进行精确表征，并得出其结构的细节特征，如电子?空穴对分离过程和体内极化等。此外，这些手段还可以研究材料的磁光特性和电学性质，从而为实现这些材料的跨学科交叉研究提供支持。本文结合作者的研究工作，阐述了基于钙钛矿和有机材料，利用磁?光?电研究手段在非线性发光薄膜和光伏器件方面展开的相关研究。通过这些研究，可以更好地理解这些材料的性能和特征，并为开发更先进的光电器件奠定基础。

研究了一维双链钙钛矿材料C₅H₁₆N₂Pb₂I₆的光学各向异性。采用水相法合成了一维双链钙钛矿C₅H₁₆N₂Pb₂I₆晶体，采用光谱对其进行表征，其荧光发射的线性二色比可达17.4，高于已报道的一维单链C₄H₁₄N₂PbI₄钙钛矿。表明降低晶体的对称性可用于提高光学各向异性。进一步通过Kramers-Kronig关系获得钙钛矿的复介电常数及其双折射和二色性，其中二色性和双折射分别达到了1.5和1.3。

The past two decades have seen a drastic progress in the development of semiconducting metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) from both the fundamentally scientific and technological points of view. The excellent optoelectronic properties and device performance make perovskites very attractive to the researchers in materials, physics, chemistry and so on. To fully explore the potential of perovskites in the applications, various techniques have been demonstrated to synthesize perovskites, modify their structures, and create patterns and devices. Among them, photo-processing has been revealed to be a facile and general technique to achieve these aims. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of photo-processing of perovskites and summarize the recent progress in the photo-processing of perovskites for synthesis, patterning, ion exchange, phase transition, assembly, and ion migration and redistribution. The applications of photo-processed perovskites in photovoltaic devices, lasers, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and optical data storage and encryption are also discussed. Finally, we provide an outlook on photo-processing of perovskites and propose the promising directions for future researches. This review is of significance to the researches and applications of perovskites and also to uncover new views on the light-matter interactions.The past two decades have seen a drastic progress in the development of semiconducting metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) from both the fundamentally scientific and technological points of view. The excellent optoelectronic properties and device performance make perovskites very attractive to the researchers in materials, physics, chemistry and so on. To fully explore the potential of perovskites in the applications, various techniques have been demonstrated to synthesize perovskites, modify their structures, and create patterns and devices. Among them, photo-processing has been revealed to be a facile and general technique to achieve these aims. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of photo-processing of perovskites and summarize the recent progress in the photo-processing of perovskites for synthesis, patterning, ion exchange, phase transition, assembly, and ion migration and redistribution. The applications of photo-processed perovskites in photovoltaic devices, lasers, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and optical data storage and encryption are also discussed. Finally, we provide an outlook on photo-processing of perovskites and propose the promising directions for future researches. This review is of significance to the researches and applications of perovskites and also to uncover new views on the light-matter interactions.