1 开封大学材料与化学工程学院，开封 475000
2 华北水利水电大学材料学院，郑州 450001
3 郑州大学材料科学与工程学院，郑州 450001
4 南京工程学院材料科学与工程学院，南京 210000
5 佛光发电设备股份有限公司，郑州 450001
对苯二酚(HQ)作为一种稳定剂和抗氧剂主要应用于工业领域，工业废水中对苯二酚的残留对人体及环境危害严重，因此，建立一种简单、准确检测对苯二酚的方法对食品安全和环境监测具有重要意义。本文构建了纳米氧化锌-高纯石墨/玻碳(ZnO-C/GC)复合材料电化学传感器，实验材料简单易得，成本低。利用原子力显微镜(AFM)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和电化学交流阻抗法(EIS)分析了纳米ZnO-C复合材料的结构特征、表面特征和导电性，采用循环伏安法(CV)实现了纳米ZnO-C/GC复合材料电化学传感器对对苯二酚的检测，探究了对苯二酚的电催化机理，该电化学传感器检测对苯二酚具有良好的稳定性和准确性，较宽的线性范围，检出限达到1.0×10-8 mol/L。
纳米复合材料 电化学传感器 氧化锌 对苯二酚 电催化 nanocomposite material electrochemical sensor zinc oxide hydroquinone electrocatalysis
海南大学材料科学与工程学院,南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室,海口 570228
开发廉价高效的催化剂是发展电解水产业的关键。层状双氢氧化物（LDH）在电催化析氧反应中表现出优异的性能，但这类催化剂在析氢反应中表现出的电化学性能并不好。本文通过将Ag元素掺杂在NiFe-LDH纳米片阵列中，获得了优异的析氢性能。结果表明，在1 mol/L KOH溶液中，电流密度达到10 mA·cm-2所需的过电位仅为73 mV，且塔菲尔斜率为61.3 mV·dacade-1。在800 mA·cm-2的大电流密度下过电位仅为493 mV，明显低于商用铂碳催化剂。在长达30 h稳定性测试后仍保持90%以上电化学性能。催化性能的改善归因于Ag掺杂NiFe-LDH使纳米片尺寸减小和比表面积增加，有效提升产氢动力学并改善电子传输，从而优化NiFe-LDH的电催化析氢性能。
层状双氢氧化物 镍铁 银 掺杂 电催化 析氢反应 layered double hydroxide NiFe Ag doping electrocatalysis hydrogen evolution reaction
中国科学院化学研究所有机固体实验室，北京 100190
碳基材料一直被认为是替代贵金属氧还原反应(ORR)催化剂的最有潜力的材料。其中，石墨炔作为一种新的碳同素异形体，由于同时具有sp和sp2杂化的碳原子以及单原子层厚度的二维平面结构，因此在具有碳基材料固有的导电性和稳定性的同时，石墨炔基材料表现出更高的本征电化学活性。本文综述了目前用于电化学氧还原催化的各种石墨炔基催化材料合成的最新进展和成果，并从其电子结构和催化活性等角度分析了石墨炔基碳材料在氧还原催化应用方面的优势。最后，对石墨炔基碳材料在电化学氧还原催化方面研究的前景和面临的挑战进行了概述，为实现高质量石墨炔基无机非金属氧还原催化剂的设计合成提供了新的思路。
石墨炔 催化剂 电催化 氧还原反应 能量转换 graphdiyne catalyst electrocatalysis oxygen reduction reaction energy conversion
Author Affiliations
Abstract
Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
Laser writing is a fast and efficient technology that can produce graphene with a high surface area, whereas laser-induced graphene (LIG) has been widely used in both physics and chemical device application. It is necessary to update this important progress because it may provide a clue to consider the current challenges and possible future directions. In this review, the basic principles of LIG fabrication are first briefly described for a detailed understanding of the lasing process. Subsequently, we summarize the physical device applications of LIGs and describe their advantages, including flexible electronics and energy harvesting. Then, chemical device applications are categorized into chemical sensors, supercapacitors, batteries, and electrocatalysis, and a detailed interpretation is provided. Finally, we present our vision of future developments and challenges in this exciting research field.Laser writing is a fast and efficient technology that can produce graphene with a high surface area, whereas laser-induced graphene (LIG) has been widely used in both physics and chemical device application. It is necessary to update this important progress because it may provide a clue to consider the current challenges and possible future directions. In this review, the basic principles of LIG fabrication are first briefly described for a detailed understanding of the lasing process. Subsequently, we summarize the physical device applications of LIGs and describe their advantages, including flexible electronics and energy harvesting. Then, chemical device applications are categorized into chemical sensors, supercapacitors, batteries, and electrocatalysis, and a detailed interpretation is provided. Finally, we present our vision of future developments and challenges in this exciting research field.
laser-induced graphene flexible electronics energy harvesting chemical sensors supercapacitors electrocatalysis Journal of Semiconductors
2023, 44(3): 031701
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People’s Republic of China
2 Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, People’s Republic of China
Carbon dots (CDs), as a unique zero-dimensional member of carbon materials, have attracted numerous attentions for their potential applications in optoelectronic, biological, and energy related fields. Recently, CDs as catalysts for energy conversion reactions under multi-physical conditions such as light and/or electricity have grown into a research frontier due to their advantages of high visible light utilization, fast migration of charge carriers, efficient surface redox reactions and good electrical conductivity. In this review, we summarize the fabrication methods of CDs and corresponding CD nanocomposites, including the strategies of surface modification and heteroatom doping. The properties of CDs that concerned to the photo- and electro-catalysis are highlighted and detailed corresponding applications are listed. More importantly, as new non-contact detection technologies, transient photo-induced voltage/current have been developed to detect and study the charge transfer kinetics, which can sensitively reflect the complex electron separation and transfer behavior in photo-/electro-catalysts. The development and application of the techniques are reviewed. Finally, we discuss and outline the major challenges and opportunities for future CD-based catalysts, and the needs and expectations for the development of novel characterization technologies.
carbon dots photoelectrochemical properties photocatalysis electrocatalysis transient photo-induced voltage transient photo-induced current References International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing
2022, 4(4): 042001
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Department of Physics, Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People’s Republic of China
2 Hubei Yangtze Memory Laboratories, Wuhan 430205, People’s Republic of China
Under the complex external reaction conditions, uncovering the true structural evolution of the catalyst is of profound significance for the establishment of relevant structure–activity relationships and the rational design of electrocatalysts. Here, the surface reconstruction of the catalyst was characterized by ex-situ methods and in-situ Raman spectroscopy in CO2 electroreduction. The final results showed that the Bi2O3 nanoparticles were transformed into Bi/Bi2O3 two-dimensional thin-layer nanosheets (NSs). It is considered to be the active phase in the electrocatalytic process. The Bi/Bi2O3 NSs showed good catalytic performance with a Faraday efficiency (FE) of 94.8% for formate and a current density of 26 mA cm-2 at -1.01 V. While the catalyst maintained a 90% FE in a wide potential range (-0.91 V to -1.21 V) and long-term stability (24 h). Theoretical calculations support the theory that the excellent performance originates from the enhanced bonding state of surface Bi-Bi, which stabilized the adsorption of the key intermediate OCHO* and thus promoted the production of formate.
CO2 electroreduction structural evolution electrocatalysis interface formic acid International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing
2022, 4(3): 035002
1 1.江苏科技大学 能源与动力学院, 镇江 212003
2 2.莫尔多瓦州立大学, 萨兰斯克430005, 俄罗斯
3 3.西安科技大学 材料科学与工程学院, 西安 710054
4 4.中国科学院 上海硅酸盐研究所, 高性能陶瓷和超微结构国家重点实验室, 上海 200050
工业上应用哈伯工艺法合成氨过程要求严苛, 需要消耗大量能源且二氧化碳排放量大。因此, 开发在常规环境条件下通过电催化氮还原反应的清洁技术, 对未来可持续的能源转化进程具有重要意义。本研究采用密度泛函理论计算方法, 对TM1N4/TM2嵌入石墨烯的氮还原反应进行了全面研究。在充分考虑活性和稳定性的情况下, 研究结果表明, NiN4/Cr锚定石墨烯通过酶促反应途径表现出最佳的催化活性, 其中第一次加氢为电位决定步骤, 起始电位为0.57 V, 优于商业Ru基材料。此外, 与单一的Cr原子修饰的石墨烯相比, 引入NiN4官能团降低了ΔGmax并提高了电催化性能。根据Mulliken电荷分析, 催化剂的催化活性主要来源于载体和反应中间体之间的电子转移。上述结果为高效合成氨提供了电极候选材料, 进一步深化了相应的电催化机理。
氮气还原反应 石墨烯 密度泛函原理 电催化 热力学 nitrogen reduction reaction graphene density functional theory electrocatalysis thermodynamic
国防科技大学 空天科学学院, 新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室, 长沙 410073
氧还原(ORR)反应是燃料电池等清洁能源阴极的关键反应, 其反应动力学复杂, 阴极需使用Pt等贵金属催化剂。然而Pt价格昂贵, 且载体炭黑在高电位环境下稳定性欠佳, 导致电池部件成本高且寿命短。二维过渡金属硫属化合物(2D TMDs)具有高比表面积与可调节的电学性能, 且稳定性强, 有望在维持活性的同时提高燃料电池阴极的耐久性。本文梳理了近年来2D TMDs在ORR催化剂领域的最新研究进展: 首先概述了2D TMDs的结构、性质及ORR反应机理; 其次分析了调控2D TMDs的ORR性能策略, 包括异质元素掺杂、相转变、缺陷工程与应力工程等, 介绍了2D TMDs基异质结构对ORR性能的提升作用; 最后, 针对该领域目前存在的挑战进行展望与总结。
氧还原反应 二维材料 过渡金属硫属化合物 电催化 综述 oxygen reduction reaction two-dimensional material transition metal dichalcogenide electrocatalysis review
1 中国科学院理化技术研究所光化学转化与光电材料重点实验室，北京 100190
2 中国科学院大学材料科学与光电子工程研究中心，北京 100049
近年来，有关类水滑石拓扑转变材料在光、电催化领域如产氢、C1化学转化等方面的研究被广泛报道。研究表明，在不同的煅烧温度、气氛等拓扑转变条件下处理类水滑石，不仅可以提高活性位的分散程度，而且可以实现催化剂物相组成、特定晶面和界面结构的调控。该材料在多种能源催化转化利用中呈现出优越的性能。本文介绍了类水滑石拓扑转变的过程及机制，并分别从光催化、电催化2个方面综述类水滑石拓扑转变材料在能源催化领域的研究进展。
类水滑石 拓扑转变 光催化 电催化 layered double hydroxides topotactic transformation photocatalysis electrocatalysis
1 上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院, 上海 201620
2 东华大学材料科学与工程学院, 上海 201620
随着半导体技术的广泛应用, 低维纳米材料及其范德瓦尔斯异质结以其独特的结构、优异的性能以及广阔的潜在应用前景而得到广泛关注。二维过渡金属二硫化物(Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Family of Materials, TMDs)的出现, 为解决石墨烯材料带隙设计问题提供了新思路和新方案。主要介绍了二硫化钼及其与金属氧化物、金属颗粒、低维碳材料、MXenes等材料耦合形成的异质结材料的合成技术。综述了二硫化钼及其范德瓦尔斯异质结材料在新能源领域、光电子领域的应用。最后, 展望了二硫化钼及其范德瓦尔斯异质结材料与金属等离子体纳米结构组成的新型复合材料及其在光电领域的应用潜力。
二硫化物 异质结 电催化 光热效应 光电器件 molybdenum disulfide heterjunction electrocatalysis photothermal effect optoelectronic device
